2 Samuel (2 Kingdoms) 23

2 Samuel (2 Kingdoms) 23:18

"And Abessa the brother of Joab the son of Saruia, he [was] chief among the three, and he lifted up his spear against three hundred whom he killed; and he had a name among three."
Manuscripts (2)
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4Q Samuel a (4QSamᵃ) showing 2 Samuel (2 Kingdoms) 23:18 from Late 1st Century BC found in Qumran, Cave 4, currently housed at Rockefeller Museum, Jerusalem
Fragment

4Q Samuel a (4QSamᵃ)

1 of 24Q51
LanguageHebrew
Earliest Date~50 BC (Late 1st Century BC)
Current LocationRockefeller Museum, Jerusalem
Found LocationQumran, Cave 4
Scribal Context & Details

One of the most extensive and famous Hebrew manuscripts discovered in Qumran Cave 4, preserving large portions of the Books of Samuel. It is written in a beautiful Herodian script and provides a vital link in understanding how scripture was copied and preserved in antiquity.

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Codex Vaticanus showing 2 Samuel (2 Kingdoms) 23:18 from Early to Mid-4th Century AD, currently housed at Vatican Library, Vatican City
Codex

Codex Vaticanus

2 of 2B
LanguageGreek
Earliest Date~AD 300 (Early to Mid-4th Century AD)
Current LocationVatican Library, Vatican City
Found LocationUnknown
Scribal Context & Details

Codex Vaticanus is one of the oldest and most valuable surviving manuscripts of the complete Greek Bible. It has been securely housed in the Vatican Library since at least the late 15th century and is celebrated for its elegant script written on very high-quality vellum.

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