4Q1 is one of the earliest biblical manuscripts found at Qumran, preserving fragments of both Genesis and Exodus written in a square Hasmonean script.
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Fragment
2Q Exodus a
2 of 32Q2
LanguageHebrew
Earliest Date~30 BC (Late 1st Century BC – Mid-1st Century AD)
Current LocationRockefeller Museum, Jerusalem
Found LocationQumran, Cave 2
Scribal Context & Details
A collection of 13 parchment fragments of the Book of Exodus discovered in Qumran Cave 2 in 1952. Written in a square Herodian script, the surviving portions align closely with the Masoretic tradition, representing one of the early witnesses to the biblical text of Exodus.
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Codex
Codex Vaticanus
3 of 3B
LanguageGreek
Earliest Date~AD 300 (Early to Mid-4th Century AD)
Current LocationVatican Library, Vatican City
Found LocationUnknown
Scribal Context & Details
Codex Vaticanus is one of the oldest and most valuable surviving manuscripts of the complete Greek Bible. It has been securely housed in the Vatican Library since at least the late 15th century and is celebrated for its elegant script written on very high-quality vellum.
