An ancient biblical manuscript written in the Paleo-Hebrew script, containing portions of the final verse of Genesis and the book of Exodus. Discovered in Cave 4 at Qumran, this parchment scroll is an important early witness to the Hebrew text of the Pentateuch, dating back to the Hasmonean period.

Historically referred to as a 'Biblical Paraphrase', this manuscript contains passages from the Pentateuch paired with early interpretive expansions. Housed in the Rockefeller Museum, it provides valuable insights into how biblical texts were studied and explained in antiquity.

Codex Vaticanus is one of the oldest and most valuable surviving manuscripts of the complete Greek Bible. It has been securely housed in the Vatican Library since at least the late 15th century and is celebrated for its elegant script written on very high-quality vellum.