An ancient biblical manuscript written in the Paleo-Hebrew script, containing portions of the final verse of Genesis and the book of Exodus. Discovered in Cave 4 at Qumran, this parchment scroll is an important early witness to the Hebrew text of the Pentateuch, dating back to the Hasmonean period.

An ancient biblical manuscript written in the Paleo-Hebrew script, containing portions of the final verse of Genesis and the book of Exodus. Discovered in Cave 4 at Qumran, this parchment scroll is an important early witness to the Hebrew text of the Pentateuch, dating back to the Hasmonean period.

Codex Vaticanus is one of the oldest and most valuable surviving manuscripts of the complete Greek Bible. It has been securely housed in the Vatican Library since at least the late 15th century and is celebrated for its elegant script written on very high-quality vellum.

Codex Alexandrinus is one of the four great uncial codices of the Greek Bible. It contains the vast majority of the Septuagint and New Testament, and was the first of the great uncials to become accessible to modern scholars.