Earliest Date~150 BC (Mid-2nd Century BC – Mid-1st Century BC)
Current LocationRockefeller Museum, Jerusalem
Found LocationQumran, Cave 4
Scribal Context & Details
Discovered in Cave 4 at Qumran, 4Q47 is the oldest surviving Hebrew manuscript containing portions of the Book of Joshua. Written on parchment in square Hebrew script, it dates to the Hasmonean period (circa 150–50 BC) and consists of twenty-two surviving fragments.
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Fragment
4QJoshᵃ (4QJoshuaᵃ) (Scan 2)
2 of 34Q47
LanguageHebrew
Earliest Date~150 BC (Mid-2nd Century BC – Mid-1st Century BC)
Current LocationRockefeller Museum, Jerusalem
Found LocationQumran, Cave 4
Scribal Context & Details
Discovered in Cave 4 at Qumran, 4Q47 is the oldest surviving Hebrew manuscript containing portions of the Book of Joshua. Written on parchment in square Hebrew script, it dates to the Hasmonean period (circa 150–50 BC) and consists of twenty-two surviving fragments.
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Codex
Codex Vaticanus
3 of 3B
LanguageGreek
Earliest Date~AD 300 (Early to Mid-4th Century AD)
Current LocationVatican Library, Vatican City
Found LocationUnknown
Scribal Context & Details
Codex Vaticanus is one of the oldest and most valuable surviving manuscripts of the complete Greek Bible. It has been securely housed in the Vatican Library since at least the late 15th century and is celebrated for its elegant script written on very high-quality vellum.
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