Leviticus 3:8
4QLeviticus b
An ancient Hebrew scroll of Leviticus found in Cave 4 at Qumran, representing one of the oldest surviving copies of the biblical book. Recent handwriting analysis shows that the fragments actually belong to two distinct scrolls copied decades apart, preserving sections of Leviticus' priestly regulations and holiday instructions from the Second Temple period.
4QLeviticus-e
An exceptionally high-quality copy of Leviticus written on parchment, dating back to the late Hasmonean period (around 100–30 BC). Discovered in Cave 4 at Qumran, these fragments represent some of the oldest physical evidence surviving today for the text of Leviticus.
Codex Vaticanus
Codex Vaticanus is one of the oldest and most valuable surviving manuscripts of the complete Greek Bible. It has been securely housed in the Vatican Library since at least the late 15th century and is celebrated for its elegant script written on very high-quality vellum.
Codex Colberto-Sarravianus
A stunning Greek uncial manuscript from the late 4th or early 5th century containing parts of the Old Testament Octateuch. Originally produced in Egypt, its surviving leaves are now preserved in three different European libraries. It is highly treasured for its beautiful script and its key role in the historical study of the Greek Old Testament.
Codex Alexandrinus
Codex Alexandrinus is one of the four great uncial codices of the Greek Bible. It contains the vast majority of the Septuagint and New Testament, and was the first of the great uncials to become accessible to modern scholars.