Matthew 26:26
Did Jesus eat leavened bread at the Last Supper?
A common objection regarding the Last Supper is that the Passover seder requires unleavened bread, yet the Gospel accounts seemingly depict Jesus and his disciples eating ordinary bread. Critics argue that in the Greek language, the word for 'unleavened bread' is azumos (e.g., Matthew 26:17; Mark 14:1, 12; Luke 22:1, 7), whereas the Greek scriptures use the word for ordinary leavened bread, artos, for what was consumed at the last supper (Matthew 26:26; Mark 14:22; Luke 24:30).
However, this argument misses something important. Azumos is not a word for 'unleavened bread' but just a word for 'unleavened,' period, as seen in 1 Corinthians 5:7:
> Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for us:
Paul says to his readers, 'You are unleavened'! He is certainly not suggesting they are made of bread. Artos is a word for all bread, with or without leaven, and does not definitively indicate the presence of leaven.
Furthermore, if Jesus were eating leavened bread during Passover, it raises the practical question of where he would have acquired it, since Jews were supposed to remove all such bread from their presence. Arguing from silence that there is neither lamb nor bitter herbs mentioned overlooks that the Gospels are not intended as detailed travelogues giving a full menu. In a high-context setting, such details would not need to be explicitly listed. In short, there is no evidence of a violation of the Passover regulations here.