Earliest Date~75 BC (Late Hasmonean (c. 75–50 BC))
Current LocationRockefeller Museum, Jerusalem
Found LocationQumran, Cave 4
Scribal Context & Details
One of the oldest surviving copies of the Book of Ruth, this fragmentary Hebrew scroll was discovered in Cave 4 at Qumran. It preserves the opening chapter of Ruth (1:1–12) and is written in a beautiful late Hasmonean square script, dating to the middle of the first century BC.
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Codex
Codex Vaticanus
2 of 3B
LanguageGreek
Earliest Date~AD 300 (Early to Mid-4th Century AD)
Current LocationVatican Library, Vatican City
Found LocationUnknown
Scribal Context & Details
Codex Vaticanus is one of the oldest and most valuable surviving manuscripts of the complete Greek Bible. It has been securely housed in the Vatican Library since at least the late 15th century and is celebrated for its elegant script written on very high-quality vellum.
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Codex
Codex Alexandrinus
3 of 3A
LanguageGreek
Earliest Date~AD 400 (5th Century (c. 400-440 CE))
Current LocationBritish Library, London
Found LocationAlexandria, Egypt
Scribal Context & Details
Codex Alexandrinus is one of the four great uncial codices of the Greek Bible. It contains the vast majority of the Septuagint and New Testament, and was the first of the great uncials to become accessible to modern scholars.
