An ancient papyrus manuscript of the Book of Tobit written in Aramaic and discovered in Qumran Cave 4. It is one of the earliest physically surviving witnesses to this deuterocanonical work, confirming its ancient Semitic origin.

An ancient papyrus manuscript of the Book of Tobit written in Aramaic and discovered in Qumran Cave 4. It is one of the earliest physically surviving witnesses to this deuterocanonical work, confirming its ancient Semitic origin.

An ancient papyrus manuscript of the Book of Tobit written in Aramaic and discovered in Qumran Cave 4. It is one of the earliest physically surviving witnesses to this deuterocanonical work, confirming its ancient Semitic origin.

An ancient papyrus manuscript of the Book of Tobit written in Aramaic and discovered in Qumran Cave 4. It is one of the earliest physically surviving witnesses to this deuterocanonical work, confirming its ancient Semitic origin.

The only surviving Hebrew-language copy of the Book of Tobit found among the Dead Sea Scrolls. Written on parchment in a square Herodian script, it provides a vital Semitic witness to the history of this deuterocanonical work.

Codex Vaticanus is one of the oldest and most valuable surviving manuscripts of the complete Greek Bible. It has been securely housed in the Vatican Library since at least the late 15th century and is celebrated for its elegant script written on very high-quality vellum.

Codex Sinaiticus is one of the most celebrated and important books in the world. Handwritten well over 1,600 years ago, it contains the Christian Bible in Greek, including the oldest surviving complete copy of the New Testament. Originally discovered at St. Catherine's Monastery at the foot of Mount Sinai, its surviving leaves are now preserved across four libraries worldwide, with the largest portion held at the British Library.