bin Zayd bin Aslam and others said: "This Ayah was revealed to criticize the idolaters for what they used to make lawful and unlawful. Like the Bahirah, Sa'ibah and Wasilah." As Allah said: {And they assign to Allah a share of the tilth and cattle which He has created.} [6:136]. Imam Ahmad recorded a narration from Malik bin Nadlah who said, "I came to Allah's Messenger while in filthy clothes. He said, 'Do you have wealth?' I answered, 'Yes.' He said, 'What kind of wealth?' I answered, 'All camels, slaves, horses, sheep.' So he said, 'If Allah gives you wealth, then let it be seen on you.' Then he said, 'Is it not that your camels are born with healthy ears, you take a knife and cut their ears, and then say, 'This is a Bahr,' tear its skin, then say, 'This is Sarm,' and prohibit them for yourself and your family?' I replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'What Allah has given you is lawful. Allah's Forearm is stronger than your forearm, and Allah's knife is sharper than your knife.'" [1] Ahmad 3:473, 4:136. And he mentioned the Hadith in its complete form, and the chain for this Hadith is a strong, good chain. Allah criticized those who make lawful what Allah has made unlawful or vice verse. This is because they are based on mere desires and false opinions that are not supported with evidence or proof. Allah then warned them with a promise of the Day of Resurrection. He asked: {And what think those who invent a lie against Allah, on the Day of Resurrection?} What do they think will happen to them when they return Us on the Day of Resurrection? Ibn Jarir said that Allah's statement: {Truly, Allah is full of bounty to mankind,} indicated that the bounty is in postponing their punishment in this world. [2] At-Tabari 15:113. I (Ibn Kathir) say, the meaning could be that the Grace for people is in the good benefits that He made permissible for them in this world or in their religion. He also has not prohibited them except what is harmful to them in their world and the Hereafter. {but most of them are ungrateful.} So they prohibited what Allah has bestowed upon them and made it narrow upon themselves. They made some things lawful and others unlawful. The idolators committed these actions when they set laws for themselves. And so did the People of the Book when they invented innovations in their religion.