Al-Bukhari said, "Allah's statement,

{Have you not seen those who have changed the blessings of Allah into disbelief...}, means, do you have knowledge in. Allah said in other Ayat,

{Saw you not how.} and,

{A lost people} [25:18]

'Ali bin 'Abdullah narrated that Sufyan said that 'Amr said that 'Ata said that he heard Ibn 'Abbas saying that,

"{Have you not seen those who have changed the blessings of Allah into disbelief}, is in reference to the people of Makkah."

Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Abu At-Tufayl said that Ibn Al-Kawwa' asked 'Ali about Allah's statement,

and 'Ali said that it refers to the disbelievers of Quraysh on the day of Badr.

He also said that the blessing of Allah was faith that came to the polytheists of Quraysh, and they changed this blessing into disbelief and led their people to utter destruction. This includes all disbelievers, for Allah sent Muhammad as a mercy and a blessing to all mankind. Those who accepted this blessing and were thankful for it, will enter Paradise, while those who denied it and disbelieved in it, will enter the Fire.

Allah said next,

meaning, they set up partners to Allah whom they worship besides Him and called the people to worship them. Allah threatened them and warned them by the words of His Prophet,

Whatever you are able to do in this life, then do it, for no matter what will happen,

for to Us will be your destination and end.' Allah said in other Ayat,

{We let them enjoy for a little while, then in the end We shall force them to (enter) a great torment.} [31:24] and,

Qatadah said, "Allah knows that in this life, there is mutual bargaining and there are friendships which people benefit from. A man chooses his friends and the reasons behind befriending them; if it was for Allah's sake, their friendship should be maintained, but if it was for other than Allah, their friendship is bound to be cutoff." I say that the meaning of this, is that Allah the Exalted is declaring that on that Day, no mutual bargaining or ransom will avail anyone, even if he ransoms himself with the earth's fill of gold if he could find that amount! No friendship or intercession shall avail one if he meets Allah while a disbeliever. Allah the Exalted said,

{And fear the Day when no person shall avail another, nor shall compensation be accepted from him, nor shall intercession be of use to him, nor shall they be helped.} [2:123] and,

{O you believe! Spend of that with which We have provided for you, before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining, nor friendship, nor intercession. And it is the disbelievers who are the wrongdoers.} [2:254]