Lost Verses 1. Al-Fatihah 2. Al-Baqarah 3. Ali 'Imran 4. An-Nisa 5. Al-Ma'idah 6. Al-An'am 7. Al-A'raf 8. Al-Anfal 9. At-Tawbah 10. Yunus 11. Hud 12. Yusuf 13. Ar-Ra'd 14. Ibrahim 15. Al-Hijr 16. An-Nahl 17. Al-Isra 18. Al-Kahf 19. Maryam 20. Taha 21. Al-Anbya 22. Al-Hajj 23. Al-Mu'minun 24. An-Nur 25. Al-Furqan 26. Ash-Shu'ara 27. An-Naml 28. Al-Qasas 29. Al-'Ankabut 30. Ar-Rum 31. Luqman 32. As-Sajdah 33. Al-Ahzab 34. Saba 35. Fatir 36. Ya-Sin 37. As-Saffat 38. Sad 39. Az-Zumar 40. Ghafir 41. Fussilat 42. Ash-Shuraa 43. Az-Zukhruf 44. Ad-Dukhan 45. Al-Jathiyah 46. Al-Ahqaf 47. Muhammad 48. Al-Fath 49. Al-Hujurat 50. Qaf 51. Adh-Dhariyat 52. At-Tur 53. An-Najm 54. Al-Qamar 55. Ar-Rahman 56. Al-Waqi'ah 57. Al-Hadid 58. Al-Mujadila 59. Al-Hashr 60. Al-Mumtahanah 61. As-Saf 62. Al-Jumu'ah 63. Al-Munafiqun 64. At-Taghabun 65. At-Talaq 66. At-Tahrim 67. Al-Mulk 68. Al-Qalam 69. Al-Haqqah 70. Al-Ma'arij 71. Nuh 72. Al-Jinn 73. Al-Muzzammil 74. Al-Muddaththir 75. Al-Qiyamah 76. Al-Insan 77. Al-Mursalat 78. An-Naba 79. An-Nazi'at 80. 'Abasa 81. At-Takwir 82. Al-Infitar 83. Al-Mutaffifin 84. Al-Inshiqaq 85. Al-Buruj 86. At-Tariq 87. Al-A'la 88. Al-Ghashiyah 89. Al-Fajr 90. Al-Balad 91. Ash-Shams 92. Al-Layl 93. Ad-Duhaa 94. Ash-Sharh 95. At-Tin 96. Al-'Alaq 97. Al-Qadr 98. Al-Bayyinah 99. Az-Zalzalah 100. Al-'Adiyat 101. Al-Qari'ah 102. At-Takathur 103. Al-'Asr 104. Al-Humazah 105. Al-Fil 106. Quraysh 107. Al-Ma'un 108. Al-Kawthar 109. Al-Kafirun 110. An-Nasr 111. Al-Masad 112. Al-Ikhlas 113. Al-Falaq 114. An-Nas Abrogated Verses

أَتَىٰٓ أَمۡرُ ٱللَّهِ فَلَا تَسۡتَعۡجِلُوهُۚ سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ وَتَعَٰلَىٰ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ

The command of God has come! Do not seek to hurry it. Glory to Him! He is exalted above what they associate.

Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
Diacritical Difference (dots) Change of Person
Original (Hafs)

يُشۡرِكُونَ

they associate

Variant Reading

تُشۡرِكُونَ

you associate

The verb shifts from the third-person plural (they associate, starting with ya) to the second-person plural (you associate, starting with ta).

Read by:

Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad

Failed Prophecy
This verse asserts that the 'command of God' (the Hour or Day of Judgment) had already come or drawn near during the 7th century, instructing the mockers not to hasten it. The passage of over 1,400 years without this culminating event constitutes a failed apocalyptic prophecy, contradicting the immediate urgency and chronological proximity presented in the text and early Islamic expectations.

يُنَزِّلُ ٱلۡمَلَـٰٓئِكَةَ بِٱلرُّوحِ مِنۡ أَمۡرِهِۦ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦٓ أَنۡ أَنذِرُوٓاْ أَنَّهُۥ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّآ أَنَا۠ فَٱتَّقُونِ

He sends down the angels with the spirit of His command on whomever He pleases of His servants: ‘Give warning that (there is) no god but Me, so guard (yourselves) against Me!’

Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift) | Vowel Difference (harakat) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
Vowel Difference (harakat) Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
Original (Hafs)

يُنَزِّلُ

He sends down

Variant Reading

يُنزِلُ

He sends down

The verb shifts from Form II (yunazzilu), implying a gradual or repeated sending down, to Form IV (yunzilu), implying a singular or immediate act of sending down.

Read by:

Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Qunbul, Ruways, Susi

Vowel Difference (harakat) Active to Passive / Passive to Active
Original (Hafs)

يُنَزِّلُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ

He sends down the angels

Variant Reading

تُنَزَّلُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ

The angels are bestowed from on high

The verb changes from the active 'He sends down' (يُنَزِّلُ) to the passive 'are sent down / bestowed' (تُنَزَّلُ), changing 'the angels' from the grammatical object to the subject.

Read by:

Rawh

وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ قَصۡدُ ٱلسَّبِيلِ وَمِنۡهَا جَآئِرٞۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ لَهَدَىٰكُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ

(It is incumbent) on God (to set the) direction of the way, yet (there is) deviation from it. If He had (so) pleased, He would indeed have guided you all.

Theological Defect
The verse explicitly states that God could have guided all of humanity if He had pleased, but actively chose not to do so. This presents a theological defect by depicting God as the author of fatalism who arbitrarily withholds guidance from creation, only to later eternally punish them for a deviation that He Himself ordained and permitted.

يُنۢبِتُ لَكُم بِهِ ٱلزَّرۡعَ وَٱلزَّيۡتُونَ وَٱلنَّخِيلَ وَٱلۡأَعۡنَٰبَ وَمِن كُلِّ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةٗ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ

By means of it He causes the crops to grow for you, and (also) olives, and date palms, and grapes, and all (kinds of) fruit. Surely in that is a sign indeed for a people who reflect.

Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
Diacritical Difference (dots) Change of Person
Original (Hafs)

يُنۢبِتُ

He causes to grow

Variant Reading

نُنۢبِتُ

We germinate

The diacritical dots on the first letter change from a Ya (two dots below) to a Nun (one dot above), shifting the verb from third-person singular ('He') to first-person plural ('We').

Read by:

Shu'bah

12

وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمُ ٱلَّيۡلَ وَٱلنَّهَارَ وَٱلشَّمۡسَ وَٱلۡقَمَرَۖ وَٱلنُّجُومُ مُسَخَّرَٰتُۢ بِأَمۡرِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَعۡقِلُونَ

He subjected the night and the day for you, and the sun and the moon, and the stars (are) subjected by His command. Surely in that are signs indeed for a people who understand.

Vowel Difference (harakat) - Grammatical Case Change
Vowel Difference (harakat) Grammatical Case Change
Original (Hafs)

وَٱلشَّمۡسَ وَٱلۡقَمَرَ

and the sun and the moon,

Variant Reading

وَٱلشَّمۡسُ وَٱلۡقَمَرُ

And the sun and the moon

The words for 'the sun' and 'the moon' change from accusative objects (fatha) of the previous verb to nominative subjects (damma) of a new nominal sentence, grouping them with 'the stars'.

Read by:

Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan

Vowel Difference (harakat) Grammatical Case Change
Original (Hafs)

وَٱلنُّجُومُ مُسَخَّرَٰتُۢ

and the stars (are) subjected

Variant Reading

وَالنُّجُومَ مُسَخَّرَٰتِۢ

and the stars—(all) subjected

In Hafs, 'the stars' is in the nominative case as the subject of a new clause. In the variant, 'the stars' is in the accusative case, continuing the list of objects subjected by Him, with 'subjected' functioning as a circumstantial modifier (hal) in the accusative case.

Read by:

Abu Al-Harith, Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh

وَأَلۡقَىٰ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ رَوَٰسِيَ أَن تَمِيدَ بِكُمۡ وَأَنۡهَٰرٗا وَسُبُلٗا لَّعَلَّكُمۡ تَهۡتَدُونَ

And He cast on the earth firm mountains, so that it does not sway with you (on it), and rivers and (path)ways, that you may guide yourselves,

Historical Error
The Quran claims that God cast 'firm mountains' onto the earth specifically to prevent it from shaking or swaying beneath its inhabitants, a view echoed in the Tafsir. This is a scientific blunder, as modern geology and plate tectonics demonstrate that mountains are actually formed by tectonic plates colliding—a process that is a primary cause of seismic instability and earthquakes, rather than a stabilizing mechanism to prevent them.

أَفَمَن يَخۡلُقُ كَمَن لَّا يَخۡلُقُۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ

Is the One who creates like the one who does not create? Will you not take heed?

Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
Vowel Difference (harakat) Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
Original (Hafs)

تَذَكَّرُونَ

take heed

Variant Reading

تَذَّكَّرُونَ

constantly remember

The variant adds a shadda (tashdid) on the letter dhal, indicating the assimilation of a 'ta' prefix into the 'dhal' (tadhdhakkarūn instead of tadhakkarūn). This intensification alters the meaning slightly to imply continuous or emphasized remembrance.

Read by:

Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh

20

وَٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ لَا يَخۡلُقُونَ شَيۡـٔٗا وَهُمۡ يُخۡلَقُونَ

Those they call on instead of God do not create anything, since they are (themselves) created.

Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
Diacritical Difference (dots) Change of Person
Original (Hafs)

يَدۡعُونَ

they call on

Variant Reading

تَدْعُونَ

you call upon

The prefix letter changes from yaa (two dots below) to taa (two dots above), shifting the pronoun from the third-person 'they call' to the second-person 'you call'.

Read by:

Abu Al-Harith, Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Qalun, Qunbul, Susi, Warsh

22

إِلَٰهُكُمۡ إِلَٰهٞ وَٰحِدٞۚ فَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ قُلُوبُهُم مُّنكِرَةٞ وَهُم مُّسۡتَكۡبِرُونَ

Your God is one God. Those who do not believe in the Hereafter – their hearts are defiant, and they are arrogant.

Promotes Division & Discrimination
This verse creates a rigid, dehumanizing binary by painting all who disbelieve in Islamic eschatology as inherently 'defiant' and 'arrogant' in their hearts. By pathologizing the internal motives of non-Muslims, the text fosters a discriminatory worldview that assumes bad faith and wicked intentions on the part of outsiders.

وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُم مَّاذَآ أَنزَلَ رَبُّكُمۡ قَالُوٓاْ أَسَٰطِيرُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ

When it is said to them, ‘What has your Lord sent down?,’ they say, ‘Old tales!’

Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
The verse inadvertently highlights early contemporary recognition that the Quranic narratives were not novel divine revelations but were recognized by listeners as 'tales of the ancients.' As confirmed by critical historical scholarship, many Quranic stories are indeed adaptations of pre-existing local folklore, Jewish midrash, and Syriac apocrypha, thereby validating the skeptical critiques recorded within the text itself.

لِيَحۡمِلُوٓاْ أَوۡزَارَهُمۡ كَامِلَةٗ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ وَمِنۡ أَوۡزَارِ ٱلَّذِينَ يُضِلُّونَهُم بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٍۗ أَلَا سَآءَ مَا يَزِرُونَ

– that they may bear their own burdens fully on the Day of Resurrection, and (also) some of the burdens of those whom they led astray without (their) realizing (it). Evil is what they will bear!

Theological Defect
While the verse describes unbelievers bearing the burdens of those they led astray, the Tafsir explicitly states that God actively decreed their deception ('We decreed that they would say that...'). This solidifies a theological defect by making God the active author of sin who ordains spiritual deception and misguidance, yet punishes humans for the very actions He decreed for them.
26

قَدۡ مَكَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ فَأَتَى ٱللَّهُ بُنۡيَٰنَهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡقَوَاعِدِ فَخَرَّ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلسَّقۡفُ مِن فَوۡقِهِمۡ وَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱلۡعَذَابُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ

Those who were before them schemed, but God came (against) their building from the foundations, and the roof fell down on them from above them, and the punishment came upon them from where they did not realize (it would).

Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
The verse describes God destroying the building of ancient schemers from its foundations, which the Tafsir identifies as Nimrod and his tower. This is a clear adaptation of the Biblical narrative of the Tower of Babel (Genesis 11), filtered through later Jewish midrashic traditions that specifically associated Nimrod with the tower's construction, demonstrating the Quran's reliance on pre-existing Jewish apocrypha rather than independent historical revelation.

ثُمَّ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ يُخۡزِيهِمۡ وَيَقُولُ أَيۡنَ شُرَكَآءِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ كُنتُمۡ تُشَـٰٓقُّونَ فِيهِمۡۚ قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ إِنَّ ٱلۡخِزۡيَ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ وَٱلسُّوٓءَ عَلَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ

Then on the Day of Resurrection He will disgrace them, and say, ‘Where are My associates for whose sake you broke away?’ Those who were given the knowledge will say, ‘Surely today disgrace and evil are on the disbelievers,

Vowel Difference (harakat) - Addition / Omission of Word
Vowel Difference (harakat) Addition / Omission of Word
Original (Hafs)

تُشَٰٓقُّونَ

you broke away

Variant Reading

تُشَٰٓقُّونِ

you used to oppose Me

The vowel on the final 'nun' changes from a fatha in Hafs to a kasra in the variant. This kasra indicates an elided first-person object pronoun (ya al-mutakallim), thereby adding the specific meaning 'Me' to the verb.

Read by:

Qalun, Warsh

37

إِن تَحۡرِصۡ عَلَىٰ هُدَىٰهُمۡ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهۡدِي مَن يُضِلُّۖ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن نَّـٰصِرِينَ

If you are eager for their guidance – surely God does not guide those whom He leads astray. They will have no helpers.

Vowel Difference (harakat) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
Vowel Difference (harakat) Active to Passive / Passive to Active
Original (Hafs)

يَهۡدِي

guide

Variant Reading

يُهْد۪ىٰ

be guided

The verb changes from the active 'yahdī' (He guides) to the passive 'yuhdā' (is guided), shifting the grammatical focus from Allah's action to the state of those led astray.

Read by:

Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Susi, Warsh

Theological Defect
This verse explicitly names God as the active agent who 'leads astray' (yudillu) the unbelievers, rendering the Prophet's eagerness for their salvation useless. This portrays God as an arbitrary deceiver and the author of spiritual blindness, fundamentally contradicting the Christian understanding of a perfectly good and loving God who desires the salvation of all people.
40

إِنَّمَا قَوۡلُنَا لِشَيۡءٍ إِذَآ أَرَدۡنَٰهُ أَن نَّقُولَ لَهُۥ كُن فَيَكُونُ

Our only word to a thing, when We intend it, is that We say to it, ‘Be!’ and it is.

Vowel Difference (harakat) - Grammatical Case Change
Vowel Difference (harakat) Grammatical Case Change
Original (Hafs)

فَيَكُونُ

and it is

Variant Reading

فَيَكُونَ

so it is

The vowel on the letter nun changes from a damma (nominative) to a fatha (accusative/subjunctive). In Hafs, it is read as an independent indicative clause ('and it is'). In the variant, it is read in the subjunctive case coupled with the preceding particle of intent ('so that it is' or 'so it is').

Read by:

Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan

وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالٗا نُّوحِيٓ إِلَيۡهِمۡۖ فَسۡـَٔلُوٓاْ أَهۡلَ ٱلذِّكۡرِ إِن كُنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ

We have not sent (anyone) before you except men whom We inspired – just ask the People of the Reminder, if you do not know (it) –

Contradicts the Bible
The Quran argues against the incarnation by asserting that God only sends mere mortal 'men' as messengers, which the Tafsir leverages to deny any divine or angelic nature to the prophets. This explicitly contradicts the core biblical doctrine of the Incarnation, rejecting the Christian revelation of Jesus Christ as the divine Son of God who became flesh (John 1:14).
57

وَيَجۡعَلُونَ لِلَّهِ ٱلۡبَنَٰتِ سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ وَلَهُم مَّا يَشۡتَهُونَ

And they assign daughters to God – glory to Him! – and to themselves (they assign) what they desire.

Devalues Women
While critiquing the pagans for attributing deities to God, this verse inadvertently adopts their misogynistic worldview by arguing that it is insulting to assign God daughters when the pagans themselves desire sons. Instead of rejecting the patriarchal notion that females are inferior, the text leverages this cultural devaluation of women to make a theological point about God's majesty.
62

وَيَجۡعَلُونَ لِلَّهِ مَا يَكۡرَهُونَۚ وَتَصِفُ أَلۡسِنَتُهُمُ ٱلۡكَذِبَ أَنَّ لَهُمُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۚ لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّ لَهُمُ ٱلنَّارَ وَأَنَّهُم مُّفۡرَطُونَ

They assign to God what they (themselves) dislike, and their tongues allege the lie that the best is for them. (There is) no doubt that the Fire (is fitting) for them, and that they (will) be rushed (into it).

Vowel Difference (harakat) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
Vowel Difference (harakat) Active to Passive / Passive to Active
Original (Hafs)

مُّفۡرَطُونَ

rushed

Variant Reading

مُّفْرِطُونَ

neglecting

The vowel on the letter ra' changes from a fatha to a kasrah, shifting the word from a passive participle (those rushed into the Fire) to an active participle (those neglecting their duties or exceeding bounds).

Read by:

Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan

Vowel Difference (harakat) Active to Passive / Passive to Active
Original (Hafs)

مُّفۡرَطُونَ

rushed (into it)

Variant Reading

مُّفْرِطُونَ

gone too far

The vowel on the letter ra' changes from a fatha in Hafs (passive participle) to a kasra in the variant (active participle). This shifts the meaning from being rushed into the Fire (passive) to those who actively exceed bounds or go too far (active).

Read by:

Qalun, Warsh

Devalues Women
Reiterating the logic of verse 57, this passage condemns the polytheists for attributing to God what they themselves dislike—namely, daughters. By framing the assignment of female offspring to God as an offensive falsehood compared to the sons they desire, the Quran subtly validates the cultural devaluation of women rather than subverting it.

وَإِنَّ لَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ لَعِبۡرَةٗۖ نُّسۡقِيكُم مِّمَّا فِي بُطُونِهِۦ مِنۢ بَيۡنِ فَرۡثٖ وَدَمٖ لَّبَنًا خَالِصٗا سَآئِغٗا لِّلشَّـٰرِبِينَ

And surely in the cattle is a lesson indeed for you: We give you to drink from what is in their bellies – between excretions and blood – pure milk, pleasant tasting to the drinkers.

Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
Diacritical Difference (dots) Change of Person
Original (Hafs)

نُّسۡقِيكُم

We give you to drink

Variant Reading

يُسۡقِيكُم

they give you to drink

The verb prefix changes from 'Nun' to 'Ya', altering the subject from the first-person plural 'We' (referring to Allah) to the third-person 'they' or 'it' (referring to the livestock).

Read by:

Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan

Historical Error
The Quran claims that pure milk is produced 'from what is in their bellies – between excretions and blood.' This reflects a prescientific, flawed understanding of biology. Milk is synthesized by the mammary glands using nutrients delivered by the bloodstream, not directly generated in the digestive tract or abdominal cavity between feces and blood.
71

وَٱللَّهُ فَضَّلَ بَعۡضَكُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ فِي ٱلرِّزۡقِۚ فَمَا ٱلَّذِينَ فُضِّلُواْ بِرَآدِّي رِزۡقِهِمۡ عَلَىٰ مَا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُهُمۡ فَهُمۡ فِيهِ سَوَآءٌۚ أَفَبِنِعۡمَةِ ٱللَّهِ يَجۡحَدُونَ

God has favored some of you over others in the (matter of) provision, but those who have been favored do not give over their provision to what their right (hands) own, so (that) they are (all) equal in that respect. Is it the blessing of God they deny?

Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
Diacritical Difference (dots) Change of Person
Original (Hafs)

يَجۡحَدُونَ

they deny

Variant Reading

تَجۡحَدُونَ

Do you(pl) then repudiate

The Hafs reading uses the third-person prefix 'ya' in 'yajḥadūna' (they deny), referring to the ungrateful. The variant uses the second-person prefix 'ta' in 'tajḥadūna' (you deny), shifting the grammatical person to directly address the audience.

Read by:

Ruways, Shu'bah

Sanctions Slavery & Concubinage
To argue against polytheism, this verse leverages the master-slave dynamic, pointing out that freemen refuse to share their wealth with their slaves to make them equals, so they should not make God's creations equal to Him. By using the structural inequality of chattel slavery ('what your right hands own') as a natural and logical baseline for its analogy, the text fundamentally normalizes and sanctions the ownership of humans.
79

أَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ إِلَى ٱلطَّيۡرِ مُسَخَّرَٰتٖ فِي جَوِّ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَا يُمۡسِكُهُنَّ إِلَّا ٱللَّهُۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُؤۡمِنُونَ

Do they not see the birds, subjected in the midst of the sky? No one holds them (up) but God. Surely in that are signs indeed for a people who believe.

Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
Diacritical Difference (dots) Change of Person
Original (Hafs)

يَرَوۡاْ

they see

Variant Reading

تَرَوۡاْ

youpl seen

The prefix of the verb changes from a ya' with two dots below to a ta' with two dots above, shifting the subject from the third-person 'they' to the second-person 'you' (plural).

Read by:

Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Rawh, Ruways

90

۞إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَأۡمُرُ بِٱلۡعَدۡلِ وَٱلۡإِحۡسَٰنِ وَإِيتَآيِٕ ذِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَيَنۡهَىٰ عَنِ ٱلۡفَحۡشَآءِ وَٱلۡمُنكَرِ وَٱلۡبَغۡيِۚ يَعِظُكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ

Surely God commands justice and good, and giving to family, and He forbids immorality, and wrong, and envy. He admonishes you so that you may take heed.

Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
Vowel Difference (harakat) Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
Original (Hafs)

تَذَكَّرُونَ

take heed

Variant Reading

تَذَّكَّرُونَ

constantly remember

The variant recitation adds a shaddah (tashdeed) to the letter dhal, indicating the assimilation of an underlying second 'ta' (tatadhakkarun). This morphological emphasis intensifies the meaning from simply taking heed to continuously and deeply remembering.

Read by:

Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh

وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمۡ أُمَّةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ وَلَٰكِن يُضِلُّ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهۡدِي مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَلَتُسۡـَٔلُنَّ عَمَّا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ

If God had (so) pleased, He would indeed have made you one community, but He leads astray whomever He pleases and guides whomever He pleases. You will indeed be questioned about what you have done.

Theological Defect
This verse presents a profound theological defect by portraying God as the active author of misguidance, explicitly stating that He 'leads astray whomever He pleases.' This deterministic fatalism is immediately contradicted in the very same verse, which holds humans accountable for their actions ('You will indeed be questioned'), creating a scenario where God arbitrarily punishes individuals for the very unbelief He forced upon them.
96

مَا عِندَكُمۡ يَنفَدُ وَمَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ بَاقٖۗ وَلَنَجۡزِيَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ صَبَرُوٓاْ أَجۡرَهُم بِأَحۡسَنِ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ

What is with you fails, but what is with God lasts, and We shall indeed pay those who are patient their reward for the best of what they have done.

Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
Diacritical Difference (dots) Change of Person
Original (Hafs)

وَلَنَجۡزِيَنَّ

and We shall indeed pay

Variant Reading

وَلَيَجْزِيَنَّ

And He will most surely repay

The prefix of the verb changes from 'nun' (indicating first-person plural 'We') in Hafs to 'ya' (indicating third-person singular 'He') in the variant.

Read by:

Abu Al-Harith, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Hisham, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Qalun, Rawh, Ruways, Susi, Warsh

101

وَإِذَا بَدَّلۡنَآ ءَايَةٗ مَّكَانَ ءَايَةٖ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا يُنَزِّلُ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُفۡتَرِۭۚ بَلۡ أَكۡثَرُهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ

When We exchange a verse in place of (another) verse – and God knows what He sends down – they say, ‘You are only a forger!’ No! But most of them do not know (anything).

Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
Vowel Difference (harakat) Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
Original (Hafs)

يُنَزِّلُ

He sends down

Variant Reading

يُنزِلُ

He sends down

The verb shifts from Form II (yunazzilu), which implies sending down gradually or in stages, to Form IV (yunzilu), which simply means sending down in a general sense or all at once.

Read by:

Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Qunbul, Susi

Theological Defect
This verse institutionalizes the concept of abrogation (Naskh), where Allah replaces one verse with another. Apologetically, this portrays God as arbitrary and changeable, reacting to shifting temporal circumstances rather than providing an eternal, unchanging standard. It raises the theological problem of why an all-knowing deity would need to constantly edit and repeal His own 'eternal' commands, making the text appear more like the evolving ad-hoc decrees of a human forger.
103

وَلَقَدۡ نَعۡلَمُ أَنَّهُمۡ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّمَا يُعَلِّمُهُۥ بَشَرٞۗ لِّسَانُ ٱلَّذِي يُلۡحِدُونَ إِلَيۡهِ أَعۡجَمِيّٞ وَهَٰذَا لِسَانٌ عَرَبِيّٞ مُّبِينٌ

Certainly We know that they say, ‘Only a human being teaches him.’ The language of the one to whom they perversely allude is foreign, but this language is clear Arabic.

Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
The Quran here acknowledges the contemporary accusation that Muhammad was being taught stories by a human informant, often identified in Islamic tradition as a foreign Christian or Jewish slave. The text's only defense is that the informant's native tongue was foreign while the Quran is in 'clear Arabic,' completely missing the point that ideas and narratives can easily be translated. This inadvertently testifies that early critics recognized the Quran's stories as plagiarized religious folklore rather than original divine revelation.
108

أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ طَبَعَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ وَسَمۡعِهِمۡ وَأَبۡصَٰرِهِمۡۖ وَأُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡغَٰفِلُونَ

Those – God has set a seal on their hearts and their hearing and their sight. And those – they are the oblivious.

Theological Defect
The verse states that God Himself actively 'set a seal on their hearts and their hearing and their sight,' causing them to become spiritually oblivious. This portrays God as the active author of unbelief and fatalism, actively preventing individuals from perceiving or accepting the truth, only to unjustly hold them accountable and punish them for the very spiritual blindness He deliberately imposed upon them.
124

إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ ٱلسَّبۡتُ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ٱخۡتَلَفُواْ فِيهِۚ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَيَحۡكُمُ بَيۡنَهُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ فِيمَا كَانُواْ فِيهِ يَخۡتَلِفُونَ

The sabbath was only made for those who differed concerning it. Surely on the Day of Resurrection your Lord will judge between them concerning their differences.

Contradicts the Bible
The Quran claims that the Sabbath was 'only made for those who differed concerning it,' suggesting it was merely a punitive or reactionary measure imposed due to disputes. This explicitly contradicts the Biblical historical narrative, which roots the Sabbath in God's rest at the very creation of the world (Genesis 2:2-3) and establishes it as a foundational, positive covenant with Israel (Exodus 31:16-17).