Contradicts the Bible
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
وَقَالُوٓاْ أَسَٰطِيرُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ٱكۡتَتَبَهَا فَهِيَ تُمۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِ بُكۡرَةٗ وَأَصِيلٗا
And they say, ‘Old tales! He has written it down, and it is dictated to him morning and evening.’
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
يَأۡكُلُ
to eat
نَأۡكُلُ
we eat
The initial letter changes from ya' (ي) indicating the third-person singular ('he eats') to nun (ن) indicating the first-person plural ('we eat'), differing only by the placement and number of dots in the Arabic script.
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad
ٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ ضَرَبُواْ لَكَ ٱلۡأَمۡثَٰلَ فَضَلُّواْ فَلَا يَسۡتَطِيعُونَ سَبِيلٗا
See how they strike parables for you! But they have gone astray and cannot (find) a way.
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Grammatical Case Change
وَيَجۡعَل
and He will give
وَيَجۡعَلُ
And He would make
The verb changes from the jussive mood (sukoon) in Hafs, where it is coordinated with the conditional clause, to the indicative mood (dammah) in the variant, which treats it as the start of a new, independent clause.
Bazzi, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Qunbul, Shu'bah
إِذَا رَأَتۡهُم مِّن مَّكَانِۭ بَعِيدٖ سَمِعُواْ لَهَا تَغَيُّظٗا وَزَفِيرٗا
When it sees them from a place far off, they will hear its raging and moaning.
لَّا تَدۡعُواْ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ ثُبُورٗا وَٰحِدٗا وَٱدۡعُواْ ثُبُورٗا كَثِيرٗا
‘Do not call out today (for) one destruction, but call out (for) many destruction(s)!’
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
يَحۡشُرُهُمۡ
He will gather them
نَحْشُرُهُمْ
We herd them
The imperfect prefix changed from a ya (ي) to a nun (ن), changing the subject from third person singular ('He') to first person plural ('We').
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Qalun, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
يَحۡشُرُهُمۡ ... فَيَقُولُ
He will gather them ... He will say
نَحۡشُرُهُمۡ ... فَنَقُولُ
We herd them ... We say
The verb prefixes change from ya' (indicating third person singular 'He') to nun (indicating first person plural 'We'), shifting the perspective of the speaker.
Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan
Contradicts the Bible
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
نَّتَّخِذَ
take
نُّتَّخَذَ
been taken
The verb changes from the active 'nattakhidha' (we take) to the passive 'nuttakhadha' (we are taken), shifting the focus from the subjects taking other allies to them being taken as masters.
Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan
Contradicts the Bible
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
تَسۡتَطِيعُونَ
you are incapable
يَسْتَطِيعُونَ
they can
The verb's prefix changes from a ta' (second person) to a ya' (third person), shifting the subject from 'you' (addressing the people) to 'they' (referring to the false deities or disbelievers).
Abu Al-Harith, Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
وَقَدِمۡنَآ إِلَىٰ مَا عَمِلُواْ مِنۡ عَمَلٖ فَجَعَلۡنَٰهُ هَبَآءٗ مَّنثُورًا
We shall press forward to whatever deeds they have done, and make them scattered dust.
وَيَوۡمَ تَشَقَّقُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ بِٱلۡغَمَٰمِ وَنُزِّلَ ٱلۡمَلَـٰٓئِكَةُ تَنزِيلًا
Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
وَنُزِّلَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ
the angels are sent down
وَنُنزِلُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ
We send down the angels
The verb changes from the passive 'are sent down' (making 'angels' the nominative subject) to the active 'We send down' (making 'angels' the accusative object). This also involves a graphical difference in the verb's spelling.
Bazzi, Qunbul
وَيَوۡمَ يَعَضُّ ٱلظَّالِمُ عَلَىٰ يَدَيۡهِ يَقُولُ يَٰلَيۡتَنِي ٱتَّخَذۡتُ مَعَ ٱلرَّسُولِ سَبِيلٗا
يَٰوَيۡلَتَىٰ لَيۡتَنِي لَمۡ أَتَّخِذۡ فُلَانًا خَلِيلٗا
Woe to me! Would that I had not taken So-and-so as a friend!
وَقَالَ ٱلرَّسُولُ يَٰرَبِّ إِنَّ قَوۡمِي ٱتَّخَذُواْ هَٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ مَهۡجُورٗا
The messenger said, ‘My Lord! Surely my people have taken this Qur’ān (as a thing to be) shunned.’
وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَى ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَجَعَلۡنَا مَعَهُۥٓ أَخَاهُ هَٰرُونَ وَزِيرٗا
Certainly We gave Moses the Book, and appointed his brother Aaron as an assistant with him.
وَعَادٗا وَثَمُودَاْ وَأَصۡحَٰبَ ٱلرَّسِّ وَقُرُونَۢا بَيۡنَ ذَٰلِكَ كَثِيرٗا
And ‘Ād, and Thamūd, and the companions of al-Rass, and many generations between that.
وَكُلّٗا ضَرَبۡنَا لَهُ ٱلۡأَمۡثَٰلَۖ وَكُلّٗا تَبَّرۡنَا تَتۡبِيرٗا
Each – We struck parables for it, and each We destroyed completely.
أَرَءَيۡتَ مَنِ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَٰهَهُۥ هَوَىٰهُ أَفَأَنتَ تَكُونُ عَلَيۡهِ وَكِيلًا
Do you see the one who takes his own desire as his god? Will you be a guardian over him?
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
ٱلرِّيَٰحَ بُشۡرَۢا
the winds as good news
ٱلرِّيحَ نُشُرَۢا
the wind as revivers
The variant changes the plural 'winds' to the singular 'wind' and alters the diacritical dots and vowels from 'bushran' (good news) to 'nushuran' (revivers), shifting the semantic focus.
Bazzi, Qunbul
بُشۡرَۢا
good news
نُشُراَۢ
revivers
The dots on the first letter change it from a ba (ب) to a nun (ن), and the vowel on the shin changes from a sukun to a damma. This shifts the meaning from winds acting as 'good news' to winds being 'revivers' or 'spreading' before the rain.
Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Rawh, Ruways, Warsh
بُشۡرَۢا
good news
نُشُرَۢا
revival
The difference lies in the diacritical dots of the first letter (changing from 'bāʾ' to 'nūn') along with a vowel change on the second letter (sukoon to damma). This alters the root from 'B-Sh-R' to 'N-Sh-R', shifting the meaning from sending the winds as 'good news' to sending them for 'revival' or 'scattering'.
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Susi
وَلَقَدۡ صَرَّفۡنَٰهُ بَيۡنَهُمۡ لِيَذَّكَّرُواْ فَأَبَىٰٓ أَكۡثَرُ ٱلنَّاسِ إِلَّا كُفُورٗا
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
لِيَذَّكَّرُواْ
might take heed
لِيَذْكُرُواْ
may remember
Hafs uses the Form V assimilated verb (with shaddah on the dhal and kaf) meaning 'to take heed' or 'reflect', while the variant uses the Form I verb (with sukoon on the dhal and no shaddah) meaning 'to remember'.
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad
وَلَوۡ شِئۡنَا لَبَعَثۡنَا فِي كُلِّ قَرۡيَةٖ نَّذِيرٗا
If We had (so) pleased, We would indeed have raised up a warner in every town.
Theological Defect
فَلَا تُطِعِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ وَجَٰهِدۡهُم بِهِۦ جِهَادٗا كَبِيرٗا
So do not obey the disbelievers, but struggle mightily against them by means of it.
وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنَ ٱلۡمَآءِ بَشَرٗا فَجَعَلَهُۥ نَسَبٗا وَصِهۡرٗاۗ وَكَانَ رَبُّكَ قَدِيرٗا
Promotes Division & Discrimination
وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰكَ إِلَّا مُبَشِّرٗا وَنَذِيرٗا
We have sent you only as a bringer of good news and a warner.
Say: ‘I do not ask you for any reward for it, except for whoever pleases to take a way to his Lord.’
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
تَأۡمُرُنَا
you command us
يَأۡمُرُنَا
He commands us
The prefix diacritic changes from a ta' (ت) to a ya' (ي), altering the verb from the second-person 'you command us' (addressing the Prophet) to the third-person 'He commands us' (referring to the All-Merciful).
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Khalaf, Khallad
تَبَارَكَ ٱلَّذِي جَعَلَ فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ بُرُوجٗا وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا سِرَٰجٗا وَقَمَرٗا مُّنِيرٗا
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Singular to Plural / Plural to Singular
سِرَٰجٗا
a lamp
سُرُجٗا
lamps
The variant changes the vocalization (vowels) of the identical Uthmani skeleton (سرجا), transforming the singular 'sirajan' (a lamp) into the plural 'surujan' (lamps).
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
يَذَّكَّرَ
take heed
يَذْكُرَ
remember
The variant reads the verb in Form I (to remember) with different vowels and no shadda, whereas Hafs reads it as an assimilated Form V (to take heed or deeply reflect). The consonantal skeleton remains the same.
Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad
وَٱلَّذِينَ يَبِيتُونَ لِرَبِّهِمۡ سُجَّدٗا وَقِيَٰمٗا
(They are) those who spend the night prostrating themselves and standing before their Lord,
وَمَن تَابَ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَإِنَّهُۥ يَتُوبُ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ مَتَابٗا
Whoever turns (in repentance) and does righteousness, surely he turns to God in complete repentance.
Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Singular to Plural / Plural to Singular
وَذُرِّيَّٰتِنَا
descendants
وَذُرِّيَّتِنَا
offspring
The Hafs reading uses the plural form 'dhurriyyātinā' (descendants) marked by the alif, whereas the variant reading uses the singular collective noun 'dhurriyyatinā' (offspring) without the alif.
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Shu'bah, Susi
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ يُجۡزَوۡنَ ٱلۡغُرۡفَةَ بِمَا صَبَرُواْ وَيُلَقَّوۡنَ فِيهَا تَحِيَّةٗ وَسَلَٰمًا
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
وَيُلَقَّوۡنَ
they will meet
وَيَلْقَوْنَ
will encounter
Hafs uses the passive Form II verb 'yulaqqawna' (they will be granted/made to meet), whereas the variant uses the active Form I verb 'yalqawna' (they will encounter).
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Shu'bah
خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۚ حَسُنَتۡ مُسۡتَقَرّٗا وَمُقَامٗا
There they will dwell – it is good as a dwelling and resting place.