Surah 3:0 - Manuscripts & Analysis

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London, The British Library, Or. 2165 (Scan 1)

1 of 3codex_00012

Variants & TyposThe diacritical marks are very sparely used and appear as short horizontal lines. A notable feature of the spelling is the systematic absence of the Alif of prolongation (e.g., spelling الاموت instead of الاموات, قل for قال, and نديناه for ناديناه). Furthermore, there is no trace of vowel-points or other orthographical signs.

DateAD 750 (Mid 7th to Mid 8th Century AD)

Script Styleḥiǧāzī II

Current LocationThe British Library, London

Found LocationFustat (Old Cairo), Egypt

Quranic RangeQ 7:42-9:95, Q 10:9-39:47, Q 40:61-43:71

Context & Details

Considered by Gotthelf Bergsträßer to be the most important representative of the ḥiǧāzī script style due to its extensive size. It features a bold hand with tall, right-leaning hastae that sets it apart from more conventional early Kufic Qurans. Two folios from this same codex are currently preserved at the Dār al-Āṯār al-Islāmiyya in Kuwait.

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London, The British Library, Or. 2165 (Scan 2)

2 of 3codex_00012

Variants & TyposThe diacritical marks are very sparely used and appear as short horizontal lines. A notable feature of the spelling is the systematic absence of the Alif of prolongation (e.g., spelling الاموت instead of الاموات, قل for قال, and نديناه for ناديناه). Furthermore, there is no trace of vowel-points or other orthographical signs.

DateAD 750 (Mid 7th to Mid 8th Century AD)

Script Styleḥiǧāzī II

Current LocationThe British Library, London

Found LocationFustat (Old Cairo), Egypt

Quranic RangeQ 7:42-9:95, Q 10:9-39:47, Q 40:61-43:71

Context & Details

Considered by Gotthelf Bergsträßer to be the most important representative of the ḥiǧāzī script style due to its extensive size. It features a bold hand with tall, right-leaning hastae that sets it apart from more conventional early Kufic Qurans. Two folios from this same codex are currently preserved at the Dār al-Āṯār al-Islāmiyya in Kuwait.

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The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 37.99.2

3 of 3codex_01463

DateAD 999 (9th to 10th Century AD)

Script StyleKūfī

Current LocationThe Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, New York

Found LocationCentral Islamic Lands

Quranic RangeQ 2:286-3:3

Context & Details

This parchment folio, created with ink and gold, features 6 to 7 lines per page of Kufic calligraphy typical of early Quranic manuscripts from the Central Islamic Lands.

London, The British Library, Or. 2165 (Scan 1)

London, The British Library, Or. 2165 (Scan 2)

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 37.99.2

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