Surah 36:40
"It is not fitting for the sun to overtake the moon, nor does the night outrun the day, but each floats in (its own) orbit."
Geocentricism
The Qur'an mentions numerous times that the sun and the moon travel in an orbit, but does not mention once that the earth does too. This is consistent with a earth-centered (geocentric) view of the cosmos that places a motionless earth at the center of the universe and all "heavenly bodies" travel around the earth. This was the prevailing understanding of the universe prior to the 1...
Scientific Error
Ignorance of the North and South Poles.