{And indeed We have put forth for men, in this Qur'an every kind of parable} means, 'We have explained things to mankind in it the Qur’an] by setting forth examples and parables.’ {in order that they may remember.} Because parables bring the meaning closer to people’s minds. As Allah says: {He sets forth for you a parable from yourselves} [(30:28). meaning, ‘so that you may learn it from yourselves.’ And Allah says: {in order that they may have Taqwa of Him.} (29:43). {An Arabic Qur’an, without any crookedness (therein)} means, it is in a plain Arabic tongue, with no crookedness, deviation or confusion. It is plain, clear proof. Allah has made it like this and has revealed it like this, {in order that they may have Taqwa of Him} means, in order that they may heed the warnings contained therein, and strive to attain the promises therein. Then Allah says: {Allah puts forth a parable: a man belonging to many partners disputing with one another,} meaning, they were disputing concerning that slave in whom they all had a share. {and a (slave) man belonging entirely to one master.} means, no one owned him except that one man. {Are those two equal in comparison?} meaning, they are not the same. By the same token, the idolater who worships other gods besides Allah and the sincere believer who worships none besides Allah, with no partner or associate, are not equal. What comparison can there be between them? Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, Mujahid and others said, “This Ayah is the parable of the idolater and the sincere believer.” Because this parable is so clear and obvious, Allah then says: {All the praises and thanks be to Allah!} i.e., for establishing proof against them. {But most of them know not.} means, and for this reason they associate others in worship with Allah.

The fact that the Messenger of Allah and Quraysh will die, and how They will dispute before Allah
Allah’s saying; {Verily, you will die, and verily, they (too) will die.} This is one of the Ayat which Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, quoted when the Messenger of Allah died, so that the people would realize that he had really died. Another Ayah which he quoted was: {Muhammad is no more than a Messenger, and indeed (many) Messengers have passed away before him. If he dies or is killed, will you then turn back on your heels? And he who turns back on his heels, not the least harm will do to Allah; and Allah will give reward to those who are grateful} (3:144).
The meaning of this Ayah is that you will certainly depart this world and be gathered before Allah in the Hereafter. You will dispute the issues of Tawhid and Shirk before Allah, things over which you disputed in this world, and He will judge between you with truth, and He is the Judge, the All-Knowing. So, He will save the sincere believers who worship Him alone, and He will punish the disbelievers who deny His Oneness and associate others in worship with Him. Although this Ayah speaks about the believers and disbelievers, and how they will dispute in the Hereafter, it also includes all disputants in this world, for their disputes will come back to them in the Hereafter.
Ibn Abi Hatim, may Allah have mercy on him, recorded that Ibn Az-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “When the Ayah {Then, on the Day of Resurrection, you will be disputing before your Lord.} was revealed, Az-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, will we repeat our disputes?’ He said, «Yes.» He (Az-Zubayr) said, 'This is a very serious matter.'”
Ahmad recorded from Az-Zubayr bin Al-‘Awwam, may Allah be pleased with him, that when this Surah was revealed to the Messenger of Allah: {Verily, you will die, and verily, they (too) will die. Then, on the Day of Resurrection, you will be disputing before your Lord.} Az-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “O Messenger of Allah, will the sins that we committed against others in this world be repeated for us?” He said, «Yes, they will be repeated until everyone who is entitled will have his rights restored to him.» Az-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “By Allah, it is a very serious matter.” It was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi, who said “Hasan Sahih.”
‘Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: {Then, on the Day of Resurrection, you will be disputing before your Lord.} means, the truthful one will dispute with the liar, the oppressed will dispute with the oppressor, the one who is guided will dispute with the one who is misguided and the weak will dispute with the arrogant.
Ibn Mandah recorded in Kitab Ar-Ruh that Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “The people will dispute on the Day of Resurrection, to the extent that the soul will dispute with the body. The soul will say to the body, ‘You did such and such,’ and the body will say to the soul, 'You told...