كِتَٰبٞ فُصِّلَتۡ ءَايَٰتُهُۥ قُرۡءَانًا عَرَبِيّٗا لِّقَوۡمٖ يَعۡلَمُونَ
A Book – its verses made distinct – an Arabic Qur’ān for a people who know.
ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَهُم بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ هُمۡ كَٰفِرُونَ
who do not give the alms, and (who) are disbelievers in the Hereafter!
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَٰتِ لَهُمۡ أَجۡرٌ غَيۡرُ مَمۡنُونٖ
Surely those who believe and do righteous deeds – for them (there is) a reward without end.’
Contradicts the Bible
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Grammatical Case Change
سَوَآءٗ
equal
سَوَآءٞ
(they are) equal
The word changes from the accusative (nasb) to the nominative (raf') case, shifting the grammatical structure to form an independent nominal clause with an implied subject (i.e., 'they are equal').
Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan
سَوَآءٗ
equal
سَوَآءٖ
equal
The variant reads the word with a kasra tanween (sawā'in) in the genitive case, making it an adjective modifying the preceding word 'days' (ayyāmin). Hafs reads it with a fatha tanween (sawā'an) in the accusative case as a circumstantial modifier or absolute object.
Rawh, Ruways
Contradicts the Bible
Contradicts the Bible
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
فَإِنۡ أَعۡرَضُواْ فَقُلۡ أَنذَرۡتُكُمۡ صَٰعِقَةٗ مِّثۡلَ صَٰعِقَةِ عَادٖ وَثَمُودَ
If they turn away, say: ‘I warn you of a thunderbolt like the thunderbolt of ‘Ād and Thamūd.’
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
وَيَوۡمَ يُحۡشَرُ أَعۡدَآءُ ٱللَّهِ إِلَى ٱلنَّارِ فَهُمۡ يُوزَعُونَ
On the Day when the enemies of God are gathered to the Fire, and they are arranged (in rows)
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
يُحۡشَرُ أَعۡدَآءُ ٱللَّهِ
enemies of God are gathered
نَحْشُرُ أَعْدَآءَ اَ۬للَّهِ
We herd Allah’s enemies
The verb changes from a third-person passive (yuhsharu) to a first-person plural active (nahshuru) through a change in diacritical dots (Ya to Nun) and vowels. Consequently, the grammatical case of 'enemies' shifts from the nominative subject to the accusative direct object.
Qalun, Rawh, Ruways, Warsh
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
تُرۡجَعُونَ
you are (now) returned
تَرۡجِعُونَ
you return
The verb changes from the passive voice 'turjaʿūn' (you are returned) to the active voice 'tarjiʿūn' (you return) due to a change in the internal vowels.
Rawh, Ruways
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
رَبَتۡ
swells
رَبَأَتۡ
becomes higher
Hafs reads 'rabat' (from the root R-B-W) meaning 'swells' or 'grows', while the variant reads 'raba'at' with a hamzah (from the root R-B-') meaning 'rises' or 'becomes higher'.
Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan
Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Singular to Plural / Plural to Singular
ثَمَرَٰتٖ
fruit
ثَمَرَتٖ
product
Hafs reads the word in the plural form (fruits, indicated by the dagger alif), whereas the variant reads it in the singular form (fruit/product) without the alif.
Abu Al-Harith, Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi