تَنزِيلُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡحَكِيمِ
The sending down of the Book is from God, the Mighty, the Wise.
وَإِذَا حُشِرَ ٱلنَّاسُ كَانُواْ لَهُمۡ أَعۡدَآءٗ وَكَانُواْ بِعِبَادَتِهِمۡ كَٰفِرِينَ
When the people are gathered, they will be enemies to them, and will deny their service.
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
لِّيُنذِرَ
to warn
لِّتُنذِرَ
that you may warn
The verb changes from third person 'li-yundhira' (that it/he may warn) to second person 'li-tundhira' (that you may warn) by changing the dots from ya to ta.
Bazzi, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Rawh, Ruways, Warsh
أُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا جَزَآءَۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ
Those are the companions of the Garden, there to remain – a payment for what they have done.
Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Different Word entirely
إِحۡسَٰنًا
good
حُسۡنًا
kindness
The word changes from the Form IV verbal noun 'Ihsan' (doing good) in Hafs to the Form I verbal noun 'Husn' (goodness/kindness) in the variant, representing a different word choice with a similar semantic focus.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Susi, Warsh
Historical Error
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
نَتَقَبَّلُ
We shall accept
يُتَقَبَّلُ
is bound to be accepted
The verb changes from the active 1st-person plural 'nataqabbalu' (We accept) in Hafs to the passive 3rd-person 'yutaqabbalu' (is accepted) in the variant, altering the dots from nun to ya. Consequently, the object 'ahsana' (the best) becomes the nominative deputy subject 'ahsanu'. The same active-to-passive shift occurs in the subsequent verb 'natajawazu' (We pass over) to 'yutajawazu' (is overlooked).
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
وَلِكُلّٖ دَرَجَٰتٞ مِّمَّا عَمِلُواْۖ وَلِيُوَفِّيَهُمۡ أَعۡمَٰلَهُمۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
لِيُوَفِّيَهُمۡ
He may pay them in full
لِنُوَفِّيَهُمُۥٓ
We may render to them in full
The prefix changes from the third-person singular 'ya' (He) to the majestic first-person plural 'nun' (We), shifting the doer of the action.
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad, Qalun, Warsh
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأُبَلِّغُكُم
deliver
وَأُبۡلِغُكُم
compile and proclaim
The Hafs reading uses the Form II verb 'أُبَلِّغُكُم' (uballighukum, with a fatha on the ba and a shaddah on the lam), emphasizing the active delivery of the message. The variant uses the Form IV verb 'أُبۡلِغُكُم' (ublighukum, with a sukoon on the ba and no shaddah), shifting the nuance toward compiling and proclaiming the message.
Duri Abu 'Amr, Susi
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
لَا يُرَىٰٓ إِلَّا مَسَٰكِنُهُمۡ
not to be seen, except for their dwelling places
لَا تَر۪ىٰٓ إِلَّا مَسَٰكِنَهُمْ
yousg could see nothing except their residences
The verb shifts from the 3rd-person passive 'yurā' (is seen) to the 2nd-person active 'tarā' (you see) through a change in diacritical dots (ya to ta) and vowels. Consequently, the grammatical case of the noun 'masākin' changes from a nominative proxy subject (ending in damma) to an accusative direct object (ending in fatha).
Abu Al-Harith, Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Susi, Warsh
وَلَقَدۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا مَا حَوۡلَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡقُرَىٰ وَصَرَّفۡنَا ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَرۡجِعُونَ
Certainly We destroyed the towns around you, and varied the signs so that they might return.
Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Different Word entirely
بِقَٰدِرٍ
is able
يَقْدِرُ
can
The change in diacritical dots on the first letter (from ba' to ya') and vowels shifts the word from a prepositional phrase with an active participle ('bi-qādirin', is able) to a present tense verb ('yaqdiru', can).
Rawh, Ruways