Surah 47

Surah 47:12

"Surely God will cause those who believe and do righteous deeds to enter Gardens through which rivers flow. But those who disbelieve – they take their enjoyment and eat as the cattle eat. The Fire will be their dwelling place."
Admonition and Fire for the Disbelievers; Paradise for Those Who have Taqwa. Verses 47:10-13
Show Full Scripture Context (47:10-13) — 4 Verses
Verse 10

۞أَفَلَمۡ يَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۖ دَمَّرَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمۡۖ وَلِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ أَمۡثَٰلُهَا

Have they not traveled on the earth and seen how the end was for those who were before them? God destroyed them. The disbelievers have examples of it.

Verse 11

ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَوۡلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَأَنَّ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ لَا مَوۡلَىٰ لَهُمۡ

That is because God is the Protector of those who believe, and because the disbelievers have no protector.

Verse 12

إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُدۡخِلُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَٰتِ جَنَّـٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ يَتَمَتَّعُونَ وَيَأۡكُلُونَ كَمَا تَأۡكُلُ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمُ وَٱلنَّارُ مَثۡوٗى لَّهُمۡ

Surely God will cause those who believe and do righteous deeds to enter Gardens through which rivers flow. But those who disbelieve – they take their enjoyment and eat as the cattle eat. The Fire will be their dwelling place.

Verse 13

وَكَأَيِّن مِّن قَرۡيَةٍ هِيَ أَشَدُّ قُوَّةٗ مِّن قَرۡيَتِكَ ٱلَّتِيٓ أَخۡرَجَتۡكَ أَهۡلَكۡنَٰهُمۡ فَلَا نَاصِرَ لَهُمۡ

How many a town We have destroyed that was stronger in power than your town which expelled you! And there was no helper for them.

Allah says, {Have they not traveled} meaning, those who associate partners with Allah and deny His Messenger. {through the land and seen what happened in the end to those before them? Allah destroyed them completely,} which means that Allah punished them because of their denial and disbelief, and saved the believers from among them. That is why He says, {and a similar (end awaits) the disbelievers.} Then Allah says, {That is because Allah is the Protector of all those who believe, whereas the disbelievers have no protector.} After the battle of Uhud, Abu Sufyan Sakhr bin Harb, the commander of the idolators at that time, inquired about the Prophet, Abu Bakr, and ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them. When he heard no response, he announced: “Verily, those three have died!” ‘Umar then responded to him: “You lie, O enemy of Allah! Allah has indeed saved those who will displease you. Indeed, those whom you mentioned are all alive!” Abu Sufyan then said: “Well, today makes up for (the defeat on) the day of Badr, and the war has its ups and downs. And indeed, you are going to find mutilation (in the bodies of your dead) that I did not command, nor did I prohibit.” Then he turned around chanting: “Glory to Hubal (their greatest idol), Glory to Hubal.” Allah’s Messenger said: “Aren't you going to respond to him?” The Companions said: “What should we say, O Messenger of Allah?” He said: “Say: "Allah is Most High and Most Glorious."” Then Abu Sufyan said: “We have Al-‘Uzza (their second idol), and you have no ‘Uzza. (honor).” Allah’s Messenger said: “Aren't you all going to respond to him?” They said: “What should we say, O Messenger of Allah?” He said: “Say: ‘Allah is our Protector, and you have no protector.’” Allah then says, {Verily, Allah will admit those who believe and do righteous good deeds into Gardens through which rivers flow} meaning, on the Day of Resurrection. {Whereas those who disbelieve enjoy their life and eat as cattle eat} Which means that the disbelievers enjoy their worldly life and eat in it like animals, munching and gnawing (with greed). They have no concern other than that. Thus, it has been confirmed in the Sahih that the Messenger of Allah said, “A believer eats with one intestine, and a disbeliever eats with seven intestines.” Then Allah says, {but the Fire will be their abode} meaning, on the Day of their Reckoning. Allah then says, {And how many a town mightier than your town that has driven you out} meaning, Makkah. {We have destroyed, with none to help them!} This is a great threat and severe warning to the people of Makkah because they rejected Allah’s Messenger who was the chief of the Messengers and the last of the Prophets. If Allah had destroyed the previous nations because of their denial of their Messengers, what then would those (people of Makkah) expect that Allah would do to them in the worldly life and the Hereafter? And if the torment were to be lifted off some of them in this life by the blessing of the presence of the Messenger, the Prophet of Mercy, the torment will be stored for them in their next life, as Allah says, {Their torment will be doubled! They could not bear to hear (the preaching), and they used not to see (the truth).} (11:20) Concerning Allah’s saying, {from your town that has driven you out} This means, ‘its people who have driven you (Muhammad) out from amongst them (the people of Makkah).’ Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, that when Allah’s Messenger left Makkah (at the time of Hijrah - migration), and he reached the cave and hid inside it, he looked back toward Makkah and said, “You are the most beloved to Allah among Allah's lands, and you are also the most beloved to me among Allah's lands. Were it not that the idolators have driven me out from you, I would never have left you.” Ibn ‘Abbas then said, “The worst of enemies is he who transgresses against Allah in His own sacred place, who kills a person who is not trying to kill him, or who kills because of Jahiliyyah vengeance. Allah then revealed to His Prophet, {And how many a town mightier than your town that has driven you out have We destroyed, with none to help them!}”

— from Tafsir Ibn Kathir (batch_049)

About this Source & Scholarly Authority (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Universal Sunni Consensus: Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim by Hafiz Ibn Kathir (701–774 AH / 1301–1373 AD) is universally regarded across all major schools of Sunni Islam (traditional, Salafi, Ash'ari) as the most authoritative classical exegesis. It is prized because it relies on Tafsir bil-Ma'thur—interpreting the Quran using the Quran itself, authentic Hadiths of Prophet Muhammad, and recorded statements of the early Companions (Sahabah).

Standard English Edition: This text is from the standard 10-volume English abridgment published by Dar-us-Salam Publications (supervised by Shaykh Safiur-Rahman Al-Mubarakpuri), which is the official, most widely distributed English Quranic commentary in mosques and Islamic libraries worldwide today.