Theological Defect
وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا
To God (belong) the forces of the heavens and the earth. God is mighty, wise.
إِنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰكَ شَٰهِدٗا وَمُبَشِّرٗا وَنَذِيرٗا
Surely We have sent you as a witness, and as a bringer of good news and a warner,
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
لِّتُؤۡمِنُواْ ... وَتُعَزِّرُوهُ وَتُوَقِّرُوهُ ... وَتُسَبِّحُوهُ
you may believe ... support him, and respect him, and that you may glorify
لِّيُؤۡمِنُواْ ... وَيُعَزِّرُوهُۥ وَيُوَقِّرُوهُۥ ... وَيُسَبِّحُوهُۥ
they may believe ... rally to Him and honor Him and highly exalt
The prefix for the four verbs changes from a 'ta' (ت) to a 'ya' (ي) via dot placement, shifting the subject from the second person plural ('you') to the third person plural ('they').
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Qunbul, Susi
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
فَسَيُؤۡتِيهِ
He will give him
فَسَنُوتِيهِ
We will grant him
The verbal prefix changes from Ya to Nun due to a difference in diacritical dots, shifting the subject from the third-person singular ('He will give') to the first-person plural of majesty ('We will grant').
Bazzi, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Warsh
Theological Defect
Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Singular to Plural / Plural to Singular
كَلَٰمَ
word
كَلِمَٰتِ
Words
The recitation changes from the singular 'kalam' (word) to the plural 'kalimat' (words).
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad
Incites Violence & Intolerance
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
يُدۡخِلۡهُ / يُعَذِّبۡهُ
He will cause him to enter / He will punish him
نُدْخِلْهُ / نُعَذِّبْهُ
We will enter him / We will punish him
The prefix 'ya' (two dots below) indicating third-person singular 'He' is changed to 'nun' (one dot above) indicating first-person plural 'We' in both verbs, shifting the speaker from God in the third person to the royal 'We'.
Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Warsh
Theological Defect
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
تَعۡمَلُونَ
you do
يَعۡمَلُونَ
they do
The prefix letter changes from ta (ت) with dots above to ya (ي) with dots below, shifting the verb from the second person 'you do' to the third person 'they do'.
Duri Abu 'Amr, Susi