Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
يَوۡمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَىٰ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا
On the Day when they will be shoved forcefully into the fire of Gehenna:
إِنَّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّـٰتٖ وَنَعِيمٖ
Surely the ones who guard (themselves) will be in Gardens and bliss,
كُلُواْ وَٱشۡرَبُواْ هَنِيٓـَٔۢا بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ
‘Eat and drink with satisfaction, (in return) for what you have done.’
مُتَّكِـِٔينَ عَلَىٰ سُرُرٖ مَّصۡفُوفَةٖۖ وَزَوَّجۡنَٰهُم بِحُورٍ عِينٖ
Devalues Women
Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Change of Person | Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Singular to Plural / Plural to Singular
وَٱتَّبَعَتۡهُمۡ ذُرِّيَّتُهُم
whose descendants followed them
وَأَتۡبَعۡنَٰهُمۡ ذُرِّيَّٰتِهِم
whom We followed (with) their offspring(s)
The verb changes from 3rd-person feminine singular ('descendants followed') to 1st-person plural ('We followed/joined'). Consequently, the word for 'descendants' changes from a singular nominative subject to a plural accusative object.
Duri Abu 'Amr, Susi
ذُرِّيَّتُهُم
descendants
ذُرِّيَّاتُهُم
offspring(s)
The word is read as a collective singular noun (ذُرِّيَّتُهُم) in Hafs, and as a plural noun with an added Alif (ذُرِّيَّاتُهُم) in the variant, emphasizing multiple lineages or generations.
Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Rawh, Ruways
ذُرِّيَّتَهُمۡ
their descendants
ذُرِّيَّٰتِهِمْ
their offspring(s)
The word is read as a singular noun in Hafs and as a plural noun in the variant.
Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Warsh
وَأَمۡدَدۡنَٰهُم بِفَٰكِهَةٖ وَلَحۡمٖ مِّمَّا يَشۡتَهُونَ
We shall increase them with fruits and meat of whatever (kind) they desire.
يَتَنَٰزَعُونَ فِيهَا كَأۡسٗا لَّا لَغۡوٞ فِيهَا وَلَا تَأۡثِيمٞ
There they will pass (around) a cup to each other in which there is no frivolous or sinful talk,
۞وَيَطُوفُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ غِلۡمَانٞ لَّهُمۡ كَأَنَّهُمۡ لُؤۡلُؤٞ مَّكۡنُونٞ
and among them will circulate boys of their own, as if they were hidden pearls.
وَأَقۡبَلَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ
Some of them will approach others asking each other questions.
قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا كُنَّا قَبۡلُ فِيٓ أَهۡلِنَا مُشۡفِقِينَ
They will say, ‘Surely we were fearful among our family before,
فَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡنَا وَوَقَىٰنَا عَذَابَ ٱلسَّمُومِ
but God has bestowed favor on us, and guarded us against the punishment of the scorching (Fire).
إِنَّا كُنَّا مِن قَبۡلُ نَدۡعُوهُۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡبَرُّ ٱلرَّحِيمُ
Surely we used to call on Him before. Surely He – He is the Beneficent, the Compassionate.’
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
إِنَّهُۥ
Surely He
أَنَّهُۥ
for He
The vowel on the hamzah changes from a kasrah (inna) to a fathah (anna). 'Innahu' initiates a new independent clause ('Surely He...'), whereas 'annahu' introduces a subordinate clause expressing the reason for their prayer ('for/because He...').
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Warsh
فَذَكِّرۡ فَمَآ أَنتَ بِنِعۡمَتِ رَبِّكَ بِكَاهِنٖ وَلَا مَجۡنُونٍ
So remind (them)! By the blessing of your Lord, you are neither an oracle-giver nor possessed.
أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ شَاعِرٞ نَّتَرَبَّصُ بِهِۦ رَيۡبَ ٱلۡمَنُونِ
Or do they say, ‘A poet, for whom we await the uncertainty of Fate’?
قُلۡ تَرَبَّصُواْ فَإِنِّي مَعَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡمُتَرَبِّصِينَ
Say: ‘(Just) wait! Surely I shall be one of those waiting with you.’
أَمۡ تَأۡمُرُهُمۡ أَحۡلَٰمُهُم بِهَٰذَآۚ أَمۡ هُمۡ قَوۡمٞ طَاغُونَ
Or do their minds command them (to do) this, or are they a people who transgress insolently?
أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ تَقَوَّلَهُۥۚ بَل لَّا يُؤۡمِنُونَ
Or do they say, ‘He has invented it?’ No! They do not believe.
فَلۡيَأۡتُواْ بِحَدِيثٖ مِّثۡلِهِۦٓ إِن كَانُواْ صَٰدِقِينَ
Let them bring a proclamation like it, if they are truthful.
أَمۡ خُلِقُواْ مِنۡ غَيۡرِ شَيۡءٍ أَمۡ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰلِقُونَ
Or were they created out of nothing? Or were they the creators?
أَمۡ خَلَقُواْ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَۚ بَل لَّا يُوقِنُونَ
Or did they create the heavens and the earth? No! They are not certain.
أَمۡ عِندَهُمۡ خَزَآئِنُ رَبِّكَ أَمۡ هُمُ ٱلۡمُصَۜيۡطِرُونَ
Or are the storehouses of your Lord with them, or are they the record-keepers?
أَمۡ لَهُمۡ سُلَّمٞ يَسۡتَمِعُونَ فِيهِۖ فَلۡيَأۡتِ مُسۡتَمِعُهُم بِسُلۡطَٰنٖ مُّبِينٍ
Or do they have a ladder on which they (can) listen? Then let their listener bring clear authority.
أَمۡ لَهُ ٱلۡبَنَٰتُ وَلَكُمُ ٱلۡبَنُونَ
Or does He have daughters while you have sons?
Devalues Women
أَمۡ تَسۡـَٔلُهُمۡ أَجۡرٗا فَهُم مِّن مَّغۡرَمٖ مُّثۡقَلُونَ
Or do you ask them for a reward, so that they are burdened with debt?
أَمۡ عِندَهُمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبُ فَهُمۡ يَكۡتُبُونَ
Or is the unseen in their keeping, so that they are writing it down?
أَمۡ يُرِيدُونَ كَيۡدٗاۖ فَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ هُمُ ٱلۡمَكِيدُونَ
Or do they intend a plot? Then those who disbelieve will be the ones plotted against.
Theological Defect
أَمۡ لَهُمۡ إِلَٰهٌ غَيۡرُ ٱللَّهِۚ سُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ
Or do they have a god other than God? Glory to God above what they associate!
وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ كِسۡفٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ سَاقِطٗا يَقُولُواْ سَحَابٞ مَّرۡكُومٞ
Even if they see fragments of the sky falling, they will say, ‘A heap of clouds!’
فَذَرۡهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُواْ يَوۡمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِي فِيهِ يُصۡعَقُونَ
So leave them, until they meet their Day on which they will be thunderstruck
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
يُلَٰقُواْ ... يُصۡعَقُونَ
meet ... they will be thunderstruck
يَلۡقَوۡاْ ... يَصۡعَقُونَ
encounter ... they are stunned
The first verb changes from form III (to meet) to form I (to encounter). The second verb changes from passive (to be thunderstruck) to active (to swoon/be stunned), all reflected through different vocalizations of the same rasm.
Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan
يَوۡمَ لَا يُغۡنِي عَنۡهُمۡ كَيۡدُهُمۡ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَا هُمۡ يُنصَرُونَ
– the Day when their plot will be of no use to them at all, and they will not be helped.
وَإِنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ عَذَابٗا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ
Surely for those who do evil (there is) a punishment before that, but most of them do not know (it).