Lost Verses 1. Al-Fatihah 2. Al-Baqarah 3. Ali 'Imran 4. An-Nisa 5. Al-Ma'idah 6. Al-An'am 7. Al-A'raf 8. Al-Anfal 9. At-Tawbah 10. Yunus 11. Hud 12. Yusuf 13. Ar-Ra'd 14. Ibrahim 15. Al-Hijr 16. An-Nahl 17. Al-Isra 18. Al-Kahf 19. Maryam 20. Taha 21. Al-Anbya 22. Al-Hajj 23. Al-Mu'minun 24. An-Nur 25. Al-Furqan 26. Ash-Shu'ara 27. An-Naml 28. Al-Qasas 29. Al-'Ankabut 30. Ar-Rum 31. Luqman 32. As-Sajdah 33. Al-Ahzab 34. Saba 35. Fatir 36. Ya-Sin 37. As-Saffat 38. Sad 39. Az-Zumar 40. Ghafir 41. Fussilat 42. Ash-Shuraa 43. Az-Zukhruf 44. Ad-Dukhan 45. Al-Jathiyah 46. Al-Ahqaf 47. Muhammad 48. Al-Fath 49. Al-Hujurat 50. Qaf 51. Adh-Dhariyat 52. At-Tur 53. An-Najm 54. Al-Qamar 55. Ar-Rahman 56. Al-Waqi'ah 57. Al-Hadid 58. Al-Mujadila 59. Al-Hashr 60. Al-Mumtahanah 61. As-Saf 62. Al-Jumu'ah 63. Al-Munafiqun 64. At-Taghabun 65. At-Talaq 66. At-Tahrim 67. Al-Mulk 68. Al-Qalam 69. Al-Haqqah 70. Al-Ma'arij 71. Nuh 72. Al-Jinn 73. Al-Muzzammil 74. Al-Muddaththir 75. Al-Qiyamah 76. Al-Insan 77. Al-Mursalat 78. An-Naba 79. An-Nazi'at 80. 'Abasa 81. At-Takwir 82. Al-Infitar 83. Al-Mutaffifin 84. Al-Inshiqaq 85. Al-Buruj 86. At-Tariq 87. Al-A'la 88. Al-Ghashiyah 89. Al-Fajr 90. Al-Balad 91. Ash-Shams 92. Al-Layl 93. Ad-Duhaa 94. Ash-Sharh 95. At-Tin 96. Al-'Alaq 97. Al-Qadr 98. Al-Bayyinah 99. Az-Zalzalah 100. Al-'Adiyat 101. Al-Qari'ah 102. At-Takathur 103. Al-'Asr 104. Al-Humazah 105. Al-Fil 106. Quraysh 107. Al-Ma'un 108. Al-Kawthar 109. Al-Kafirun 110. An-Nasr 111. Al-Masad 112. Al-Ikhlas 113. Al-Falaq 114. An-Nas Abrogated Verses
Promotes Division & Discrimination
This verse commands Muslims to sever ties with non-believers, stating 'Do not take My enemy and your enemy as allies.' By framing non-Muslims intrinsically as 'enemies' of God and criminalizing amicable relationships with them, the text establishes a rigid, exclusionary binary between Muslims and outsiders.
Promotes Division & Discrimination
This verse universally characterizes non-Muslims as hostile actors who will 'stretch out their hands and their tongues with evil against you, and want you to disbelieve.' Such rhetoric dehumanizes outsiders by reducing them to a monolithic, malicious threat, thereby fostering paranoia and justifying discriminatory social boundaries.
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active | Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
Original (Hafs)
يَفۡصِلُ
He will distinguish
Variant Reading
يُفْصَلُ
a decision will be made
The verb changes from the active voice 'yafṣilu' (He will distinguish) to the passive voice 'yufṣalu' (a decision will be made).
Read by:
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Susi, Warsh
Original (Hafs)
يَفۡصِلُ
He will distinguish
Variant Reading
يُفۡصَلُ
you will be separated
The verb changes from the active voice 'yafṣilu' (He will distinguish) to the passive voice 'yufṣalu' (you/it will be separated) by changing the fatha to a damma on the first letter and the kasra to a fatha on the third letter.
Read by:
Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan
Original (Hafs)
يَفۡصِلُ
He will distinguish
Variant Reading
يُفَصِّلُ
He will separate
The verb changes from the Form I 'yafṣilu' (He will distinguish/judge) to the Form II 'yufaṣṣilu' (He will separate), which involves different vowels and the addition of a shaddah (intensification mark) while keeping the same basic rasm and active voice.
Read by:
Abu Al-Harith, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Idris, Ishaq, Khalaf, Khallad
Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Different Word entirely
Original (Hafs)
إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ
Abraham
Variant Reading
إِبۡرَٰهَامَ
Abraham
A dialectal variation in the pronunciation and spelling of the proper name, changing from 'Ibrahim' to 'Ibraham' (changing the Ya to an Alif).
Read by:
Hisham
Promotes Division & Discrimination
The text holds Abraham up as an 'excellent example' for declaring 'enmity has shown itself, and hatred forever, until you believe in God alone' against his own people. Sanctifying perpetual hatred and dissociation based solely on religious difference directly promotes severe interfaith division and intolerance.
Promotes Division & Discrimination
This verse commands Muslims to strictly boycott those who opposed or expelled them for their faith, warning that 'whoever takes them as allies, those – they are the evildoers.' While contextualized by conflict, it legislates a permanent religious boundary where associating with former opponents is treated as a sin.
Promotes Division & Discrimination
The verse institutionalizes strict religious segregation by commanding the severance of interfaith marriages, declaring that believing women 'are not permitted to them [disbelievers], nor are they permitted to them.' This nullification of existing family ties based solely on belief establishes a profound social boundary against non-Muslims.
Devalues Women
The verse treats marriage as a transactional exchange by instructing Muslims to 'give them what they have spent' (reimbursing the Mahr to the former disbelieving husbands), essentially treating the woman's marital rights as a commodity to be bought out.
Devalues Women
By instructing Muslims to give 'those whose wives have gone off the equivalent of what they have spent,' the verse frames marriage as a financial investment. It mandates monetary restitution for a defecting wife, treating her largely as property or a financial loss that must be compensated to the husband.
Promotes Division & Discrimination
The text explicitly forbids Muslims from making allies with 'a people with whom God is angry,' dehumanizing them by equating their spiritual state to the hopeless 'companions of the graves.' This reinforces an unbridgeable sectarian divide and mandates the social isolation of non-Muslims.