Borrowed Mythology & Plagiarism
يَهۡدِيٓ إِلَى ٱلرُّشۡدِ فَـَٔامَنَّا بِهِۦۖ وَلَن نُّشۡرِكَ بِرَبِّنَآ أَحَدٗا
It guides to the right (course). We believe in it, and we shall not associate anyone with our Lord.
وَأَنَّهُۥ تَعَٰلَىٰ جَدُّ رَبِّنَا مَا ٱتَّخَذَ صَٰحِبَةٗ وَلَا وَلَدٗا
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّهُۥ
And that
وَإِنَّهُۥ
And indeed
The vowel change on the hamza from a fathah (anna) to a kasrah (inna) shifts the syntax from a subordinate conjunction ('that') continuing the previous thought, to an independent, emphatic start of a new statement ('indeed').
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
Contradicts the Bible
وَأَنَّهُۥ كَانَ يَقُولُ سَفِيهُنَا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ شَطَطٗا
And that the foolish among us used to say an outrageous thing against God.
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّهُۥ
And that
وَإِنَّهُۥ
And indeed
The vowel on the alif changes from a fatha (anna) to a kasra (inna), shifting the meaning from 'that' (a dependent clause) to 'indeed' (an independent emphatic clause).
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
Contradicts the Bible
وَأَنَّا ظَنَنَّآ أَن لَّن تَقُولَ ٱلۡإِنسُ وَٱلۡجِنُّ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبٗا
And that we had thought that humans and jinn would never say any lie against God.
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
تَقُولَ
say
تَقَوَّلَ
attribute
The variant changes the verb from Form I (to say) to Form V (to fabricate/attribute falsely) by changing the vowels and adding a shadda, while keeping the same basic rasm (Uthmani script). This shifts the meaning from simply saying a lie to actively attributing a fabricated statement to Allah.
Rawh, Ruways
وَأَنَّهُۥ كَانَ رِجَالٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡإِنسِ يَعُوذُونَ بِرِجَالٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ فَزَادُوهُمۡ رَهَقٗا
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّهُۥ
And that
وَإِنَّهُۥ
And indeed
The vowel on the hamza changes from a fatha ('anna', meaning 'that') to a kasra ('inna', meaning 'indeed' or 'verily'), shifting the phrase from a subordinate clause to an independent, emphatic statement.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
وَأَنَّهُمۡ ظَنُّواْ كَمَا ظَنَنتُمۡ أَن لَّن يَبۡعَثَ ٱللَّهُ أَحَدٗا
And that they thought as you (also) thought, that God will not raise up anyone.
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّهُمۡ
And that they
وَإِنَّهُمْ
And indeed, they
The vowel on the hamza changes from a fatha (anna) meaning 'that' to a kasra (inna) meaning 'indeed', shifting the syntax from a subordinate clause to an independent declarative statement.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
وَأَنَّا لَمَسۡنَا ٱلسَّمَآءَ فَوَجَدۡنَٰهَا مُلِئَتۡ حَرَسٗا شَدِيدٗا وَشُهُبٗا
And that we touched the sky and found it filled with harsh guards and piercing flames.
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّا
And that we
وَإِنَّا
And indeed, we
The hamza is read with a fatha (anna) in Hafs, making it a subordinate clause connected to previous verses ('that we'), whereas the variant reads it with a kasra (inna), beginning a new, independent emphatic sentence ('indeed, we').
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
Historical Error
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّا
And that we
وَإِنَّا
And indeed, we
The hamza is read with a fatha in Hafs ('anna' meaning 'that we'), whereas the variant reads it with a kasra ('inna' meaning 'indeed, we'). This shifts the particle from a subordinating conjunction to an emphatic starter.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
Historical Error
وَأَنَّا لَا نَدۡرِيٓ أَشَرٌّ أُرِيدَ بِمَن فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَمۡ أَرَادَ بِهِمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ رَشَدٗا
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّا
And that we
وَإِنَّا
And indeed, we
The vowel on the hamza changes from a fatha to a kasra, changing the particle from 'anna' (that) to 'inna' (indeed/verily). This shifts the grammatical structure from a dependent clause to an independent emphatic statement.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
وَأَنَّا مِنَّا ٱلصَّـٰلِحُونَ وَمِنَّا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَۖ كُنَّا طَرَآئِقَ قِدَدٗا
And that some of us are righteous, and some of us are other than that – we are on different roads.
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّا
And that
وَإِنَّا
And indeed
The hamza is read with a fatha in Hafs ('anna') acting as a subordinating conjunction 'that', while the variant reads it with a kasra ('inna') acting as an emphatic particle 'indeed' starting a new clause.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
وَأَنَّا ظَنَنَّآ أَن لَّن نُّعۡجِزَ ٱللَّهَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَن نُّعۡجِزَهُۥ هَرَبٗا
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّا
And that we
وَإِنَّا
And indeed, we
Changing the vowel on the hamza shifts the particle from 'anna' (that) to the emphatic 'inna' (indeed), altering the clause from a dependent continuation to an independent, emphatic declaration.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّا
And that
وَإِنَّا
And indeed
The hamzah is read with a fatḥah (وَأَنَّا) in Hafs, acting as a subordinating conjunction ('And that'), while the variant reads it with a kasrah (وَإِنَّا) as an emphatic particle ('And indeed'), creating an independent clause.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
وَأَنَّا
And that
وَإِنَّا
And indeed,
The hamza is read with a fatha (wa-annā) in Hafs, acting as a conjunction 'and that', while the Variant reads it with a kasra (wa-innā) as an emphatic particle meaning 'and indeed'.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Shu'bah, Susi, Warsh
وَأَمَّا ٱلۡقَٰسِطُونَ فَكَانُواْ لِجَهَنَّمَ حَطَبٗا
but as for the ones who have deviated, they have become firewood for Gehenna!”’
لِّنَفۡتِنَهُمۡ فِيهِۚ وَمَن يُعۡرِضۡ عَن ذِكۡرِ رَبِّهِۦ يَسۡلُكۡهُ عَذَابٗا صَعَدٗا
Diacritical Difference (dots) - Change of Person
يَسۡلُكۡهُ
He will place him
نَسْلُكْهُ
We will insert him
The verb's prefix changes from yaa (ي) to nun (ن), shifting the subject from third-person singular 'He' to first-person plural 'We'.
Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Ibn Jummaz, Ibn Wardan, Qalun, Qunbul, Susi, Warsh
وَأَنَّ ٱلۡمَسَٰجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلَا تَدۡعُواْ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ أَحَدٗا
And that the mosques (belong) to God, so do not call on anyone (along) with God.
Contradicts the Bible
وَأَنَّهُۥ لَمَّا قَامَ عَبۡدُ ٱللَّهِ يَدۡعُوهُ كَادُواْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَيۡهِ لِبَدٗا
And that when the servant of God stood calling on Him, they were almost upon him in hordes.
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Change Meaning (general semantic shift)
لِبَدًا
hordes
لُبَدًا
masses
The vowel on the letter lam changes from a kasrah (libadan) to a dammah (lubadan). While both words share the same root, 'libadan' (often a plural) implies layers, crowds, or hordes, whereas 'lubadan' implies dense, heavy masses or an abundant heap.
Hisham
قُلۡ إِنَّمَآ أَدۡعُواْ رَبِّي وَلَآ أُشۡرِكُ بِهِۦٓ أَحَدٗا
Say: ‘I call only on my Lord, and I do not associate anyone with Him.’
Graphical/Basic Letter Difference - Change of Person
قُلۡ
Say
قَالَ
He said
The word changes from the second-person imperative 'Say' (qul) to the third-person past tense 'He said' (qaala), shifting the verse from a direct command to a narrative statement.
Abu Al-Harith, Bazzi, Duri Abu 'Amr, Duri Al-Kisa'i, Hisham, Ibn Dhakwan, Idris, Ishaq, Qalun, Qunbul, Rawh, Ruways, Susi, Warsh
قُلۡ إِنِّي لَآ أَمۡلِكُ لَكُمۡ ضَرّٗا وَلَا رَشَدٗا
Say: ‘Surely I possess no power over you, either for harm or for right (guidance).’
قُلۡ إِنِّي لَن يُجِيرَنِي مِنَ ٱللَّهِ أَحَدٞ وَلَنۡ أَجِدَ مِن دُونِهِۦ مُلۡتَحَدًا
Say: ‘No one will protect me from God, and I shall not find any refuge other than Him.
عَٰلِمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ فَلَا يُظۡهِرُ عَلَىٰ غَيۡبِهِۦٓ أَحَدًا
(He is) the Knower of the unseen, and He does not disclose His unseen to anyone,
إِلَّا مَنِ ٱرۡتَضَىٰ مِن رَّسُولٖ فَإِنَّهُۥ يَسۡلُكُ مِنۢ بَيۡنِ يَدَيۡهِ وَمِنۡ خَلۡفِهِۦ رَصَدٗا
Vowel Difference (harakat) - Active to Passive / Passive to Active
لِّيَعۡلَمَ
He may know
لِّيُعۡلَمَ
it may be known
The active verb 'ya'lama' (He may know) is read as the passive verb 'yu'lama' (it may be known) through a change in the internal vowels.
Ruways