Surah 74

Surah 74:5

"and flee from the defilement!"
The First Ayat to be revealed after 'Read!' Verses 74:1-10
Show Full Scripture Context (74:1-10) — 10 Verses
Verse 1

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلۡمُدَّثِّرُ

You, cloaked one!

Verse 2

قُمۡ فَأَنذِرۡ

Arise and warn!

Verse 3

وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرۡ

Magnify your Lord,

Verse 4

وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرۡ

and purify your clothes,

Verse 5

وَٱلرُّجۡزَ فَٱهۡجُرۡ

and flee from the defilement!

Verse 6

وَلَا تَمۡنُن تَسۡتَكۡثِرُ

Do not confer a favor to gain more,

Verse 7

وَلِرَبِّكَ فَٱصۡبِرۡ

and be patient before your Lord.

Verse 8

فَإِذَا نُقِرَ فِي ٱلنَّاقُورِ

When there is a blast on the trumpet,

Verse 9

فَذَٰلِكَ يَوۡمَئِذٖ يَوۡمٌ عَسِيرٌ

that Day will be a hard Day

Verse 10

عَلَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ غَيۡرُ يَسِيرٖ

– far from easy on the disbelievers.

It has been confirmed in the Sahih Al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim on the authority of Abu Salamah that Jabir bin 'Abdullah informed him that he heard the Messenger of Allah speaking about the time period (of the pause in) revelation. The Prophet said, "Then the revelation ceased coming to me for a period of time. Then, while I was walking, I heard a voice from the sky. So I lifted my gaze towards the sky to see the same angel who had come to me, sitting on a chair between the sky and the earth. So I fled from him a short distance before I fell down to the ground. Then I came to my family and said to them, 'Wrap me up, wrap me up!' So, they wrapped me up! Then Allah revealed, (O you wrapped up! Arise and warn! And magnify your Lord. And purify your garments. And keep away from Ar-Rujz!) After this, the revelation started coming strongly and frequently in succession." They both (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded this Hadith by way of Az-Zuhri. At-Tabarani recorded from Ibn 'Abbas that he said, "Verily, Al-Walid bin Al-Mughirah prepared some food for the Quraysh. So when they had eaten from it he said, 'What do you have to say about this man?' Some of them said, 'He is a magician.' Others said, 'He is not a magician.' Then some of them said, 'He is a soothsayer.' But others said, 'He is not a soothsayer.' Some of them said, 'He is a poet.' But others said, 'He is not a poet.' Some of them said, 'This is magic from that of old.' Thus, they eventually all agreed that it was magic from ancient times. Then, when this news reached the Prophet, he became grieved, covered his head and wrapped himself up. This is when Allah revealed, (O you enveloped in garments! Arise and warn! And magnify your Lord (Allah)! And purify your garments! And keep away from Ar-Rujz (the idols)! And give not a thing in order to have more (or consider not your deeds of obedience to Allah as a favour to Him). And be patient for the sake of your Lord (i.e., perform your duty to Allah)!)" Concerning Allah's statement, (Arise and warn!) means, prepare to go forth with zeal and warn the people. With this the Prophet attained messengership just as he attained prophethood with the first revelation. (And magnify your Lord!) to declare the greatness of Him. Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas; (And purify your garments!) "This means, do not let your garments that you wear be from earnings that are unlawful." It has also been said, "Do not wear your clothes in disobedience." Muhammad bin Sirin said, (And purify your garments!) "This means clean them with water." Ibn Zayd said, "The idolators would not clean themselves, so Allah commanded him to clean himself and his garments." This view was preferred by Ibn Jarir. Sa'id bin Jubayr said, (And purify your garments!) "This means purify your heart and your intentions." Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi and Al-Hasan Al-Basri both said, "And beautify your character." Concerning Allah's statement, (And keep away from Ar-Rujz!) 'Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "Ar-Rujz are idols, so keep away from them." Similar to this was said by Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah, Az-Zuhri and Ibn Zayd, "Verily, it is the idols." This is like Allah's statement, (O Prophet! have Taqwa of Allah, and obey not the disbelievers and the hypocrites.) (33:1) and Allah's statement, (And Musa said to his brother Harun: "Replace me among my people, act well and follow not way of the corrupters.") (7:142) Then Allah says, (And give not a thing in order to have more.) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Do not give any gift seeking to get (back in return) more than it." Khusayf reported from Mujahid; (And give not a thing (Tamnun) in order to have more.) "Do not slacken in seeking more good. Tamnun in the language of the Arabs means to become weak." Concerning Allah's statement, (And be patient for the sake of your Lord!) meaning, make your patience with their harms be for the Face of your Lord, the Mighty and Majestic. This was stated by Mujahid. Ibrahim An-Nakha'i said, "Be patient in your giving for the sake of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic."

Reminding of the Day of Judgement

Concerning Allah's statement, (Then, when the Naqur is sounded. Truly, that Day will be a Hard Day - far from easy for the disbelievers) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ash-Sha'bi, Zayd bin Aslam, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas, As-Suddi and Ibn Zayd, all said, (Naqur) "It is the Trumpet." Mujahid said, "It is in the shape of a horn." Ibn Abi Hatim narrated that Abu Sa'id Al-Ashaj told them that Asbat bin Muhammad related to them from Mutarrif, from 'Atiyah Al-'Awfi, from Ibn 'Abbas, (Then, when the Trumpet is sounded.) The Messenger of Allah said, "How can I be comfortable when the one with the horn has placed it in his mouth, leaned his forehead forward, and is waiting to be commanded so that he can blow?" The Companions of the Messenger of Allah said, "What do you command us, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Say: 'Allah is sufficient for us, and what an excellent Trustee He is. We put our trust in Allah.'" It has been recorded like this by Imam Ahmad on the authority of Asbat. Concerning Allah's statement, (Truly, that Day will be a Hard Day.) meaning, severe. (Far from easy for the disbelievers.) meaning, it will not be easy for them. This is as Allah says, (The disbelievers will say: "This a Hard Day.") (54:8) We have reported from Zurarah bin Awfa, the judge of Al-Basrah, that he lead the people in the morning prayer and he recited this Surah. Then, when he reached Allah's statement, (Then, when the Naqur is sounded. Truly, that Day will be a Hard Day - far from easy for the disbelievers.) he made a moaning sound and then he fell down dead. May Allah have mercy on him.

About this Source & Scholarly Authority (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

Universal Sunni Consensus: Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim by Hafiz Ibn Kathir (701–774 AH / 1301–1373 AD) is universally regarded across all major schools of Sunni Islam (traditional, Salafi, Ash'ari) as the most authoritative classical exegesis. It is prized because it relies on Tafsir bil-Ma'thur—interpreting the Quran using the Quran itself, authentic Hadiths of Prophet Muhammad, and recorded statements of the early Companions (Sahabah).

Standard English Edition: This text is from the standard 10-volume English abridgment published by Dar-us-Salam Publications (supervised by Shaykh Safiur-Rahman Al-Mubarakpuri), which is the official, most widely distributed English Quranic commentary in mosques and Islamic libraries worldwide today.