Surah 9:30
"The Jews say, ‘Ezra is the son of God,’ and the Christians say, ‘The Messiah is the son of God.’ That is their saying with their mouths. They imitate the saying of those who disbelieved before (them). (May) God fight them. How are they (so) deluded?"
Marriage to Non-Muslims
Supporting Verses
Surah 2:221 → "Do not marry idolatrous women until they believe. A believing slave girl is better than a (free) idolatrous woman, even if she pleases you. And do not marry idolatrous men until they believe. A believing slave is better than a (free) idolatrous man, even if he pleases you. Those (people) – they call (you) to the Fire, but God calls (you) to the Garden and forgiveness, by His permission. He makes clear His signs to the people, so that they may take heed."
Surah 9:31 → "They have taken their teachers and their monks as Lords instead of God, and (also) the Messiah, son of Mary, when they were only commanded to serve one God. (There is) no god but Him. Glory to Him above what they associate!"
Opposing Verses
Surah 5:5 → "Today the good things are permitted to you, and the food of those who have been given the Book is permitted to you, and your food is permitted to them. (Permitted to you are) the chaste women among the believers, and the chaste women among those who have been given the Book before you, once you have given them their marriage gifts, taking (them) in marriage, not in immorality, nor taking (them) as secret lovers. Whoever disbelieves in the faith, his deed has come to nothing, and in the Hereafter he will be one of the losers."
Does the Quran permit marrying non-Muslims? Some verses forbid marrying polytheistic or idolatrous women until they believe, while another verse explicitly permits marrying chaste women from the People of the Book. Additionally, some verses accuse Christians and Jews of associating partners with God, raising questions about how this intersects with the prohibition against marrying polytheists.
Salvation of Jews and Christians
Opposing Verses
Surah 2:62 → "Surely those who believe, and those who are Jews, and the Christians, and the Sabians – whoever believes in God and the Last Day, and does righteousness – they have their reward with their Lord. (There will be) no fear on them, nor will they sorrow."
Surah 5:82 → "Certainly you will find that the most violent of people in enmity to the believers are the Jews and the idolaters. Certainly you will find that the closest of them in affection to the believers are those who say, ‘We are Christians.’ That is because (there are) priests and monks among them, and because they are not arrogant."
Does the Quran state that Jews and Christians will be rewarded or cursed? Some verses state that Jews and Christians who believe and work righteousness will have their reward, while others state that God's curse be on them.
Relations with People of the Book
Supporting Verses
Surah 3:118 → "You who believe! Do not take outsiders as intimate friends. They will not fail to cause you ruin. They desire what you are distressed at. (Their) hatred is already apparent from their mouths, but what their hearts hide is (even) greater. We have already made clear to you the signs, if you are understanding."
Surah 58:14 → "Do you not see those who have taken as allies a people with whom God is angry? They are neither of you nor of them. They swear upon lies – and they know (it)."
Surah 5:51 → "You who believe! Do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are allies of each other. Whoever of you takes them as allies is already one of them. Surely God does not guide the people who are evildoers."
Surah 5:57 → "You who believe! Do not take those who take your religion in mockery and jest as allies, (either) from those who were given the Book before you, or (from) the disbelievers. Guard (yourselves) against God, if you are believers."
Surah 60:13 → "You who believe! Do not take as allies a people with whom God is angry. They have despaired of the Hereafter, even as the disbelievers have despaired of the companions of the graves."
Opposing Verses
Surah 2:139 → "Say: ‘Do you dispute with us about God, when He is our Lord and your Lord? To us our deeds and to you your deeds. We are devoted to Him."
Does the Quran state that Muslims should peacefully coexist with Jews and Christians or shun and oppose them? Some verses suggest peaceful relations and mutual worship of the same God, while others forbid taking Jews and Christians as allies and condemn their beliefs.